The regulatory system of acid-base balance takes the longest time to respond, and regulates the pH of extracellular fluid (ECF) by eliminating hydrogen ions or bicarbonate in body fluids?
respiratory system
chemical buffer systems
endocrine system
renal system
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. The respiratory system responds within minutes by altering CO₂ levels through breathing, but it is not the slowest system.
B. Chemical buffer systems act immediately to maintain pH balance but are only a temporary solution.
C. The endocrine system plays a role in general homeostasis but is not a primary regulator of acid-base balance.
D. The renal system is the slowest but most powerful regulator of acid-base balance. It maintains long-term pH stability by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The respiratory system responds within minutes by altering CO₂ levels through breathing, but it is not the slowest system.
B. Chemical buffer systems act immediately to maintain pH balance but are only a temporary solution.
C. The endocrine system plays a role in general homeostasis but is not a primary regulator of acid-base balance.
D. The renal system is the slowest but most powerful regulator of acid-base balance. It maintains long-term pH stability by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Magnesium plays a role in acid-base balance and influences potassium levels.
B. Sodium is important but less directly related to acid-base balance than potassium and magnesium.
C. Potassium is critical to monitor because acid-base imbalances often cause shifts in potassium levels, affecting cardiac function.
D. Calcium levels can be affected but are less immediately critical than potassium and magnesium.
E. Phosphate is involved in metabolism but is not a primary electrolyte monitored for acid-base balance.
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