When administering potassium chloride, which of following safety precautions must be observed? (Select all that apply)

Never give KCL intramuscularly (IM) or as an IV bolus

Always dilute potassium chloride in a large amount of IV solution

Never administer more than 40 mEq/L of IV potassium chloride (KCL) per hour

Monitor the IV site frequently for early signs of infiltration, as potassium is caustic to the tissues.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A. Never give KCI intramuscularly (IM) or as an IV bolus: Potassium chloride (KCl) should never be administered via IM injection or as an IV bolus. Both methods can cause severe irritation, tissue necrosis, and cardiac complications. Potassium should be given slowly and diluted to prevent these risks.

B. Always dilute potassium chloride in a large amount of IV solution: Potassium chloride must always be diluted when administered IV to prevent vein irritation and reduce the risk of hyperkalemia. It should be given in a large volume of fluid to ensure safe, slow infusion.

C. Never administer more than 40 mEq/L of IV potassium chloride (KCl) per hour: While the general recommendation is to limit the infusion rate to 10-20 mEq/hour for most patients, in certain situations, doses higher than 40 mEq/L per hour might be prescribed under close monitoring depending on the specific clinical situation.

D. Monitor the IV site frequently for early signs of infiltration, as potassium is caustic to the tissues: Potassium chloride is irritating to veins and tissues. If the IV infiltrates (leaks into the surrounding tissue), it can cause significant tissue damage, so frequent monitoring of the IV site is essential.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Excessive thirst: Excessive thirst, polydipsia, is not the most immediate concern with a potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Potassium levels within this range (slightly elevated) may not directly cause excessive thirst.

B. Irregular heartbeat: Elevated potassium levels can cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias, including irregular heartbeat. Therefore, the most important assessment is monitoring for signs of cardiac disturbances.

C. Swelling of ankles: Swelling of the ankles is more commonly associated with fluid retention or circulatory issues and is not directly linked to minor elevations in potassium levels. Although elevated potassium can affect fluid balance, it does not immediately present as swelling.

D. Frightening hallucinations: Hallucinations can be caused by a variety of factors, but they are not a direct effect of slightly elevated potassium levels. More serious symptoms like cardiac arrhythmias are a more immediate concern with abnormal potassium levels.

A. Slices of smoked ham with potato salad B. Bowl of tomato soup with a grilled cheese sandwich C. Salami and cheese on whole wheat crackers D. Grilled chicken breast with glazed carrots

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Slices of smoked ham with potato salad: Smoked ham is high in sodium, hence inappropriate for someone on a restricted sodium diet. Potato salad, depending on preparation, can also be high in sodium due to added salt or processed ingredients.

B. Bowl of tomato soup with a grilled cheese sandwich: Both tomato soup and a grilled cheese sandwich often contain high amounts of sodium, especially if made with canned soup or processed cheese. This would not be suitable for a restricted sodium diet.

C. Salami and cheese on whole wheat crackers: Both salami and cheese are high in sodium, making this a poor choice for someone following a restricted sodium diet.

D. Grilled chicken breast with glazed carrots: Grilled chicken breast is a lean protein with minimal sodium, and glazed carrots, if prepared without added salt or high-sodium ingredients, can be a suitable option. This meal aligns with a restricted sodium diet.

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When administering potassium chloride, which of following safety precautions must be observed? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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