The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a colon resection yesterday due to having a bowel obstruction. ABGs show metabolic alkalosis. The nurse expects this finding is because of:
The client has a nasogastric tube connected to suction
The client is having a panic attack
The client has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
The client has an epidural catheter for pain control
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Nasogastric suction removes gastric acid (HCl), reducing hydrogen ions, raising pH, and causing metabolic alkalosis, a common post-surgical complication here.
Choice B reason: Panic attacks cause respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation, lowering CO2, not metabolic alkalosis, which involves base excess, unrelated to this ABG.
Choice C reason: ESRD typically causes metabolic acidosis from acid retention, not alkalosis, as kidneys fail to excrete hydrogen, opposing this patient’s ABG findings.
Choice D reason: Epidural catheters manage pain with analgesics, not affecting acid-base balance or causing metabolic alkalosis, irrelevant to the ABG shift observed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Donepezil treats Alzheimer’s by inhibiting cholinesterase, boosting acetylcholine for cognition. Lupus, an autoimmune disease, doesn’t involve dementia primarily, so this drug lacks relevance to its management.
Choice B reason: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, suppresses inflammation and immune response in lupus, reducing joint pain and organ damage from autoantibody activity, making it a standard treatment.
Choice C reason: Hydroxychloroquine modulates immunity and reduces lupus flares by stabilizing lysosomes and decreasing autoantibody production, directly addressing its autoimmune pathology.
Choice D reason: Methotrexate, an immunosuppressant, inhibits folate metabolism, curbing immune cell proliferation in lupus, effectively managing severe symptoms like arthritis or organ involvement.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Elevating legs above heart level aids venous return, not arterial flow, worsening PAD’s poor circulation, reducing oxygen to ischemic tissues further.
Choice B reason: Warm environments dilate peripheral vessels, improving blood flow to PAD-affected limbs, reducing claudication pain and supporting tissue perfusion safely.
Choice C reason: Heating pads risk burns in PAD due to reduced sensation and poor healing, potentially worsening ischemic damage rather than relieving pain effectively.
Choice D reason: Antiembolic stockings prevent clots in venous stasis, not PAD, an arterial issue, and may compress arteries, further impairing circulation to legs.
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