The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a colon resection yesterday due to having a bowel obstruction. ABGs show metabolic alkalosis. The nurse expects this finding is because of:
The client has a nasogastric tube connected to suction
The client is having a panic attack
The client has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
The client has an epidural catheter for pain control
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Nasogastric suction removes gastric acid (HCl), reducing hydrogen ions, raising pH, and causing metabolic alkalosis, a common post-surgical complication here.
Choice B reason: Panic attacks cause respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation, lowering CO2, not metabolic alkalosis, which involves base excess, unrelated to this ABG.
Choice C reason: ESRD typically causes metabolic acidosis from acid retention, not alkalosis, as kidneys fail to excrete hydrogen, opposing this patient’s ABG findings.
Choice D reason: Epidural catheters manage pain with analgesics, not affecting acid-base balance or causing metabolic alkalosis, irrelevant to the ABG shift observed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Levothyroxine treats hypothyroidism by adding T4, worsening hyperthyroidism’s excess hormone; antithyroid drugs are needed, so this statement is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Avoiding goitrogens (kale, cabbage) prevents thyroid suppression, appropriate in hyperthyroidism where reducing hormone production is the goal, so this is correct.
Choice C reason: Methimazole inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis, lowering T3 and T4 in hyperthyroidism, a standard treatment, making this statement accurate.
Choice D reason: Iodine blocks thyroid hormone release, reducing circulating T3/T4 in hyperthyroidism, a correct approach, especially in acute settings, so this is valid.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Tachypnea occurs in left-sided heart failure as pulmonary edema from backpressure increases respiratory effort to oxygenate blood through fluid-filled alveoli.
Choice B reason: Cough in left-sided failure results from pulmonary congestion irritating airways, often producing frothy sputum as fluid leaks from capillaries into lungs.
Choice C reason: Jugular vein distention indicates right-sided heart failure, where systemic venous pressure rises, not left-sided, which affects lungs, not neck veins.
Choice D reason: Ascites, abdominal fluid buildup, stems from right-sided failure’s hepatic congestion, not left-sided failure’s pulmonary focus, making it unrelated here.
Choice E reason: Confusion may occur late in severe heart failure from hypoxia, but it’s not specific to left-sided failure’s early pulmonary symptoms like tachypnea.
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