The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic gout who has a uric acid level of 8.4 mg/dL (reference range 3.5-7.2 mg/dL). Which medication would the nurse expect to administer to lower serum uric acid levels?

A. "Sunlight reduces joint inflammation in lupus.": Ultraviolet (UV) light does not reduce inflammation in lupus. Exposure to sunlight can actually exacerbate systemic and cutaneous symptoms.

B. "Sun exposure improves vitamin D and prevents flares.": While sunlight supports vitamin D synthesis, in lupus, UV exposure increases the risk of disease flares and skin lesions. Vitamin D should be obtained through diet or supplements rather than intentional sun exposure.

C. "UV light can trigger lupus flares and worsen skin lesions.": Ultraviolet radiation can activate the immune system in individuals with lupus, leading to inflammation, rashes, and systemic flares. Avoiding sun exposure and using protective measures are essential parts of self-care to prevent exacerbations.

D. “Photosensitivity is only a minor concern in lupus.": Photosensitivity is a major concern for many clients with lupus. Dismissing it can result in flares, worsening rashes, and increased risk of organ involvement. Patient education on sun protection is critical.

A. Follow a high-sodium diet to prevent fluid loss: Clients with SLE are at risk for hypertension and renal involvement, including lupus nephritis. Excess sodium can worsen fluid retention, edema, and blood pressure control. Sodium restriction is often recommended rather than increased intake.

B. Avoid calcium and vitamin D supplements to prevent kidney stones: Clients with SLE are at increased risk for osteoporosis due to chronic inflammation and long-term corticosteroid use. Calcium and vitamin D are commonly encouraged to support bone health. Avoidance is not routinely indicated unless specific contraindications exist.

C. Eat a low-fat, high-fiber diet with fruits, vegetables, and whole grains: SLE is associated with chronic inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk. A diet rich in fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats supports cardiovascular health and helps manage dyslipidemia. This dietary pattern also supports immune function and overall metabolic health.

D. Increase red meat intake to improve anemia: While anemia may occur in SLE, increasing red meat intake is not routinely recommended due to its saturated fat content. Anemia management depends on the underlying cause, such as chronic disease or iron deficiency. Dietary changes should be targeted rather than generalized.