The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which question by the nurse provides additional information about related illnesses the client is likely to experience?

"Do you have a history of congestive heart failure or sinusitis?"

"Have you recently had influenza or pneumonia?"

"Do you suffer from seasonal allergies or asthma?"

"Have you ever been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis or emphysema?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Do you have a history of congestive heart failure or sinusitis?": While COPD can strain the heart over time, congestive heart failure is not considered a directly related illness. Sinusitis is also more of a concurrent condition rather than a complication linked to COPD.

B. "Have you recently had influenza or pneumonia?": Clients with COPD are at high risk for respiratory infections like influenza and pneumonia because of impaired lung clearance and reduced immune defense. These infections often exacerbate COPD, worsen symptoms, and increase hospitalizations.

C. "Do you suffer from seasonal allergies or asthma?": Seasonal allergies and asthma involve airway inflammation but are distinct conditions. While they may overlap with COPD in symptoms, they are not the most likely illnesses directly related to COPD exacerbations.

D. "Have you ever been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis or emphysema?": Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are not related illnesses but are core conditions under the COPD umbrella itself. Asking this does not identify additional illnesses associated with COPD.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Functional incontinence: This occurs when a person cannot recognize or respond to the urge to void due to cognitive, mobility, or environmental barriers. In this case, the client’s severe cognitive impairment prevents her from communicating her need to urinate.

B. Urge incontinence: Urge incontinence is characterized by a sudden, intense need to urinate followed by involuntary leakage, often due to overactive bladder. Since the client cannot express urgency or recognize the need to void, this does not fit the scenario.

C. Postvoid residual: Postvoid residual refers to urine left in the bladder after urination, usually due to incomplete emptying. It can cause overflow incontinence but does not explain incontinence due to unrecognized voiding needs caused by cognitive impairment.

D. Stress incontinence: Stress incontinence occurs with increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as during coughing, sneezing, or laughing, leading to leakage. This is unrelated to the client’s inability to recognize or communicate the urge to void.

A. Give the client a dose of acetaminophen. B. Call 9-1-1. C. Determine if the client has a history of migraine headaches D. Assure the client the symptoms will resolve within 24 hours

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Give the client a dose of acetaminophen: While acetaminophen can relieve mild headache, it does not address the urgent risk of stroke. Treating pain without evaluating for a cerebrovascular event could delay critical care.

B. Call 9-1-1: Sudden severe headache and new-onset numbness after a TIA may indicate progression to an acute stroke. Prompt emergency intervention is essential to prevent permanent neurological damage and improve outcomes.

C. Determine if the client has a history of migraine headaches: While a history of migraines may provide context, the acute presentation of neurological deficits cannot be assumed to be a migraine. Immediate action takes priority over history-taking.

D. Assure the client the symptoms will resolve within 24 hours: Providing reassurance without medical evaluation is unsafe. The client’s symptoms could indicate a serious cerebrovascular event requiring urgent intervention rather than waiting for spontaneous resolution.

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The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which question by the nurse provides additional information about related illnesses the client is likely to experience?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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