The nurse is preparing a client with breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. Which pathophysiological process should the nurse use to support client teaching?
The choice of treatment is best determined by the sensitivity of these genetic markers.
BRCA1 and BRCA2 provide protection of mature, functioning breast and ovarian cells.
Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 identify a client’s risk for cancerous cell development in breast tissue.
The prognosis of breast cancer is most successful when these markers are inherited mutations.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
While the sensitivity of genetic markers can influence the choice of treatment, it is not the primary pathophysiological process involved in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. The main purpose of these tests is to identify genetic mutations that increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer.
Choice B rationale
BRCA1 and BRCA2 do play a role in protecting mature, functioning breast and ovarian cells. However, this is not the primary reason for conducting BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. The main purpose of these tests is to identify mutations that increase cancer risk.
Choice C rationale
This is the correct answer. Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 can significantly increase a person’s risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. Therefore, identifying these mutations through genetic testing can help determine a person’s cancer risk.
Choice D rationale
While inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 can influence the prognosis of breast cancer, the primary purpose of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing is to identify mutations that increase cancer risk, not to determine prognosis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["D","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Involving the mother in the decision-making process can help alleviate some of the stress associated with caregiving. It allows the mother to maintain some control over her care and ensures that her needs and preferences are being met.
Choice E rationale
It is normal to have mixed feelings when caring for a loved one. Acknowledging these feelings can be an important part of managing caregiver stress.
Choice F rationale
Taking time for oneself and maintaining other relationships is crucial for caregiver well-being. It can help prevent burnout and improve the quality of care provided to the mother.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Initiating a hearing and vision screening program for first graders is an example of secondary prevention. Secondary prevention aims to identify and treat an illness or disease at an early stage, which is exactly what a screening program does.
Choice B rationale
Observing a person with type I diabetes mellitus self-administer a dose of insulin is not an example of secondary prevention. This is more related to disease management, which falls under tertiary prevention.
Choice C rationale
Preparing a presentation on how to prevent the spread of lice is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs.
Choice D rationale
Collaborating with a science teacher to prepare a health lesson could be seen as primary prevention if the lesson is about preventing disease, or tertiary prevention if it’s about managing existing conditions.
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