The nurse is preparing a community education program on preventive health care for women. What common screening test will the nurse plan on explaining to the women attending the program?

Breast examination by a health professional

Mammography

Breast self-examination

Breast biopsy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Breast examination by a health professional. While clinical breast exam may be part of care, it is not the primary population-level screening test used for early breast-cancer detection in most screening programs.

B. Mammography. Mammography is the standard, common screening test for breast cancer (recommended by screening guidelines for eligible age groups) and is appropriate to teach about in a community preventive-health program.

C. Breast self-examination. BSE can raise awareness of breast changes, but formal screening programs emphasize mammography; routine BSE is no longer universally recommended as a primary screening method.

D. Breast biopsy. Biopsy is a diagnostic procedure performed after an abnormal screening/diagnostic finding, not a screening test.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Her periods have been irregular and light for 12 months: Irregularity and lighter flow are features of perimenopause but do not by themselves meet the definition of menopause.
B. She experiences symptoms of decreased estrogen, such as dyspareunia: Symptoms such as vaginal dryness or dyspareunia suggest decreased estrogen but are not diagnostic of menopause without the 12-month amenorrhea criterion.
C. Her periods have stopped for 1 year: Menopause is defined clinically as 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea (absence of menses) not due to other causes.
D. She has symptoms of vasomotor instability: Hot flashes and night sweats are common during menopause but their presence alone does not establish the diagnosis without the period of amenorrhea.

A. A 28-year-old client who has a history of pelvic inflammatory disease B. A 32-year-old client who has benign breast disease C. A 38-year-old client who reports smoking one pack of cigarettes every day D. A 26-year-old client who has migraine headaches at the start of each menstrual cycle

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A 28-year-old client who has a history of pelvic inflammatory disease: A past history of PID is not an absolute contraindication to combined oral contraceptives; OCPs may in some cases reduce the risk of PID.
B. A 32-year-old client who has benign breast disease: Benign breast disease alone is generally not an absolute contraindication to combined oral contraceptives; careful evaluation may be advised depending on findings.
C. A 38-year-old client who reports smoking one pack of cigarettes every day: Smoking ≥15 cigarettes/day in women aged 35 or older is a contraindication to combined estrogen-containing contraceptives because of substantially increased cardiovascular risk.
D. A 26-year-old client who has migraine headaches at the start of each menstrual cycle: Migraine without aura is not an absolute contraindication for combined OCPs in young women; migraines with aura would be a contraindication because of stroke risk.

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The nurse is preparing a community education program on preventive health care for women. What common screening test will the nurse plan on explaining to the women attending the program?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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