A nurse has provided diabetic teaching with the family of a client newly diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse determines that the family understands the reason for having glucagon on hand for emergency home use if the family indicates that the purpose of the medication is to treat

Hyperglycemia occurring on "sick days"

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Hyperglycemia from insufficient insulin

Hypoglycemia from insulin overdose

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hyperglycemia occurring on "sick days": Glucagon is not used to treat hyperglycemia. During "sick days," clients with diabetes may experience elevated blood glucose levels, but glucagon is not for managing hyperglycemia. Instead, insulin adjustments are made.

B. Diabetic ketoacidosis: Glucagon is not used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a severe complication of diabetes often caused by insulin deficiency, and it requires insulin therapy and fluid management to correct the underlying issues.

C. Hyperglycemia from insufficient insulin: Glucagon is not used for hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin. The treatment for this condition is typically insulin therapy to lower blood glucose levels.

D. Hypoglycemia from insulin overdose: Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia caused by an insulin overdose, as it helps to raise blood glucose levels quickly by stimulating the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream. It is essential for managing severe hypoglycemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Atherosclerotic vascular changes: While atherosclerosis is common in diabetics, it primarily affects circulation and the cardiovascular system. Although impaired circulation can contribute to slower healing, it is not the primary cause of increased infection risk.

B. Deficient protein reserves: Although protein malnutrition can impair the immune response, diabetes does not necessarily lead to deficient protein reserves. The increased risk of infection is more closely related to high glucose levels rather than malnutrition.

C. Inadequacy of blood cell production: Inadequate blood cell production (such as anemia) is not a common result of diabetes. While diabetes can cause complications that affect circulatory health, the increased infection risk is primarily due to elevated glucose levels.

D. High glucose levels: High blood glucose levels can impair the function of white blood cells, which are essential for the body's ability to fight infection. Hyperglycemia also provides an ideal environment for the growth of bacteria and fungi, making diabetics more prone to infections, especially in areas like the skin and urinary tract.

A. bulging eyeballs B. thin silky hair C. fine muscle tremors D. periorbital edema

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Bulging eyeballs: Bulging eyeballs (exophthalmos) is typically associated with hyperthyroidism, particularly in Graves' disease, not hypothyroidism. In myxedema (severe hypothyroidism), eye changes are not characterized by bulging.

B. Thin silky hair: Hypothyroidism is more likely to cause dry, coarse hair, not thin or silky hair. Hair thinning is common, but it tends to become more brittle and coarse in hypothyroidism.

C. Fine muscle tremors: Fine muscle tremors are more characteristic of hyperthyroidism. In hypothyroidism, the muscle tone is often reduced, and some patients may experience muscle weakness or cramping, rather than fine tremors.

D. Periorbital edema: Periorbital edema (swelling around the eyes) is a common finding in myxedema and hypothyroidism. It is due to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides and water in the tissues, which is a hallmark of severe, untreated hypothyroidism.

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A nurse has provided diabetic teaching with the family of a client newly diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse determines that the family understands the reason for having glucagon on hand for emergency home use if the family indicates that the purpose of the medication is to treat

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is aware that diabetics are prone to infection, which can be attributed to:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of myxedema (hypothyroidism). Which assessment finding should the nurse expect to note in this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

While assessing a client with Graves' disease, the nurse notes that the client's temperature has risen 1° F. Which action should the nurse take first?

The nurse is reviewing the patient's prescribed insulin regimen. The nurse notes that the physician has ordered a long-lasting insulin. Which medication will best meet this criteria?

The nurse is providing an in-service on thyroid disorders. One of the attendees asks the nurse. "Why don't the people in the United States get goiters as often? Which statement by the nurse is the best response?

The patient comes to the emergency room with dry hot skin, fruity breath, and deep respirations and is complaining of abdominal pain. The nurse interprets these signs and symptoms as:

Which situation would most appropriately describe a client possibly require glucose management by sliding scale insulin?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a blood test to measure her thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which of the following statements should the nurse give?

The physician orders a 1,800-calorie diabetic diet and 40 units of Humulin N insulin (an intermediate-acting insulin) administered subcutaneously @ 0700 for a patient with diabetes mellitus. A mid-afternoon snack of milk and crackers is given to