The nurse is taking a health history of a new client who reports pain in the left lower leg and foot when walking. This pain is relieved with rest, and the nurse observes that the left lower leg is slightly shiny and hairless. When planning this client's care, the nurse should most likely address which health problem?
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Arterial embolus
Raynaud’s disease
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: CAD affects coronary circulation and presents with chest pain or dyspnea, not leg pain with exertion. It is not the most relevant diagnosis for this presentation.
Choice B reason: An arterial embolus causes sudden, severe pain and loss of perfusion, not gradual exertional pain relieved by rest. The client’s symptoms suggest chronic ischemia.
Choice C reason: Raynaud’s disease involves episodic vasospasm of the fingers and toes, typically triggered by cold or stress. It does not cause exertional leg pain or hair loss.
Choice D reason: PAD is characterized by intermittent claudication—pain during walking relieved by rest—and trophic skin changes like hair loss and shininess. These findings strongly support PAD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hypocalcemia typically causes hyperactive, not diminished, deep tendon reflexes due to increased neuromuscular excitability.
Choice B reason: Tingling or paresthesias in the extremities and around the mouth are classic signs of hypocalcemia. These symptoms result from increased neuromuscular irritability.
Choice C reason: Muscle weakness is more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances like hypokalemia, not hypocalcemia.
Choice D reason: Bounding pulses are not characteristic of hypocalcemia. Cardiovascular symptoms may include arrhythmias, but not increased pulse amplitude.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: IV dextrose is reserved for severe hypoglycemia when the client is unconscious or unable to swallow.
Choice B reason: Cheese and crackers are not fast-acting carbohydrates. They are better for long-term stabilization after initial treatment.
Choice C reason: Rechecking without intervention delays treatment and risks worsening hypoglycemia.
Choice D reason: Orange juice provides a rapid source of glucose and is appropriate for treating mild hypoglycemia in an alert client.
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