The nurse is teaching a group of young adults at a health fair about skin health and tanning. Which information should the nurse include in the presentation?
Irritants to the skin alter melanocyte intracellular function affecting immunological surveillance.
Melanocytes produce an increase in skin pigment with exposure to ultraviolet rays and sunshine.
Melanocytes are located on the surface of the skin and change size with intense exposure to sun.
Dark skin persons are protected from skin alterations due to a great number of melanocytes.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: While skin irritants can affect immune responses, this statement is overly technical and not directly relevant to tanning education. It may confuse the audience and does not clearly explain the role of melanocytes in pigmentation.
Choice B reason: This is the most accurate and understandable explanation for a general audience. Melanocytes respond to UV exposure by increasing melanin production, which darkens the skin and provides some protection against further UV damage. This is the biological basis of tanning.
Choice C reason: Melanocytes are located in the basal layer of the epidermis, not on the surface. They do not change size with sun exposure; they increase melanin synthesis, not their physical dimensions.
Choice D reason: While darker skin has more melanin, which offers some protection against UV damage, it does not make individuals immune to skin alterations. This statement is misleading and may promote false security regarding sun exposure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Teaching transfer methods is a rehabilitation goal but may not meet Medicare’s criteria for skilled nursing services unless it involves complex training or safety concerns. It is more aligned with physical therapy.
Choice B reason: If the client can independently perform dressing changes, skilled nursing services may no longer be necessary. This indicates reduced need for continued home health care.
Choice C reason: Evaluating the use of new medications requires skilled nursing assessment, especially in older adults with complex regimens. This qualifies as a skilled service under Medicare guidelines and supports continued eligibility.
Choice D reason: Transportation issues do not qualify as a skilled need. They are logistical barriers but do not justify continuation of home health services under Medicare.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Older adults who are malnourished are at significantly higher risk of hypothermia, infection, and poor wound healing. Malnutrition compromises thermoregulation and immune function, making cold exposure potentially fatal. Age-related physiological decline further exacerbates vulnerability to environmental stressors. Prioritizing this individual aligns with triage principles that emphasize immediate risk to life and physiological instability.
Choice B reason: While diabetes mellitus poses risks such as impaired circulation and potential for hypoglycemia, a young person with diabetes is likely to have better physiological reserves and self-management capacity compared to an older malnourished adult. Unless the diabetes is uncontrolled or complicated by comorbidities, it does not present the most immediate threat in freezing conditions.
Choice C reason: Being hit by a car three weeks ago may suggest lingering injuries, but without acute symptoms such as open wounds, fractures, or neurological deficits, this person is less likely to be in immediate danger. The absence of current trauma or infection reduces the urgency for shelter prioritization.
Choice D reason: Hypertension is a chronic condition that, while serious, does not inherently increase risk of death from cold exposure in the short term. Unless accompanied by complications such as heart failure or stroke, it does not warrant prioritization over acute physiological compromise like malnutrition in an elderly person.
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