According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which diseases are reportable infectious diseases? Select all that apply.

A) A young person with diabetes mellitus:
While diabetes mellitus is a significant health condition that requires management, especially in cold weather, it does not necessarily indicate an immediate or heightened risk compared to other conditions. Diabetes requires proper care and monitoring, but the urgency related to exposure to freezing temperatures may not be as critical as other conditions.

B) A middle-aged person who has hypertension:
Hypertension is an important condition that requires management, but in the context of a cold weather emergency, it does not represent an immediate risk related to exposure. The middle-aged person with hypertension may need stable conditions for managing their health, but their situation is less critical in terms of immediate exposure to freezing temperatures.

C) An older person who is malnourished:
An older person who is malnourished is at a higher risk when exposed to freezing temperatures. Malnutrition can impair the body’s ability to regulate temperature and increase susceptibility to cold-related illnesses such as hypothermia. Therefore, this individual is at greater risk and most in need of shelter to protect against the dangers of extreme cold.

D) An adult who was hit by a car 3 weeks ago:
An individual who was injured in a car accident 3 weeks ago may have ongoing medical needs, but unless there are specific complications or issues directly related to cold exposure, their immediate need for shelter due to freezing temperatures is less critical compared to a malnourished older person. Ensuring warmth and protection from the cold is the primary concern for those most vulnerable to the weather conditions.

A) Weight and height:
While measuring weight and height is important for assessing growth and overall health, it may not address the most critical health issues or concerns for high school students in the context of a health fair. Weight and height provide general health information but may not reflect more immediate or significant health needs specific to this population.

B) Sexual activity:
Assessing sexual activity is crucial in a health fair setting for high school students, as it directly relates to important health issues such as sexual health, risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and unintended pregnancies. Understanding students’ sexual activity can help tailor educational programs and provide necessary resources and counseling, making it a priority assessment for addressing relevant health concerns.

C) Immunization history:
Immunization history is important for identifying gaps in vaccinations and ensuring that students are protected against preventable diseases. However, while relevant, it may not address the specific behavioral and health education needs that can be more directly assessed through discussions about sexual activity and associated risks.

D) Visual acuity:
Assessing visual acuity is important for identifying potential vision problems but may not address the broader range of health issues and behavioral concerns that are relevant for high school students. Visual acuity is one aspect of health but does not capture the comprehensive needs that can be identified through an assessment of sexual activity.