The patient is in pulseless ventricular tachycardia unresponsive to conventional treatment (epinephrine). Comparing the following drugs, which would be the most appropriate to use next?
Atropine
Amiodarone
Dopamine
Adenosine
The Correct Answer is B
A. Atropine: Atropine is used to treat symptomatic bradycardia by increasing heart rate through vagal inhibition. It has no role in pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) and would not address the life-threatening arrhythmia, making it inappropriate in this context.
B. Amiodarone: Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic indicated for refractory ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation unresponsive to initial defibrillation and epinephrine. It works by prolonging the action potential and refractory period in cardiac tissue, helping to stabilize ventricular conduction and increase the likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation.
C. Dopamine: Dopamine is a vasoactive agent used to support blood pressure and cardiac output in hypotension or shock. It does not terminate pulseless VT and would not be effective in restoring a perfusing rhythm, so it is not appropriate as the next step in this scenario.
D. Adenosine: Adenosine is effective for terminating supraventricular tachycardias by transiently blocking AV nodal conduction. It is ineffective for ventricular arrhythmias such as pulseless VT and could delay appropriate life-saving therapy if used in this situation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Pain medication is generally not needed after this surgery.": CABG surgery involves a major thoracic incision and often sternal splitting, which can cause significant postoperative pain. Adequate pain management is essential to promote deep breathing, prevent atelectasis, and facilitate mobility, so this statement reflects a misunderstanding of postoperative care.
B. "I will be fed with a tube into my stomach until I can eat again.": Most CABG patients do not require prolonged enteral feeding postoperatively. Nutrition is typically restarted orally as tolerated once the patient is alert and able to swallow safely, making routine tube feeding uncommon unless complications occur.
C. "The nurses will be checking on me every four hours.": Postoperative CABG patients require frequent monitoring, often hourly or more initially, to assess vital signs, hemodynamic status, and signs of complications. Checking only every four hours would be inadequate and unsafe in the early postoperative period.
D. "I will be given a pen and paper to communicate because I will still have a breathing tube in my throat.": Immediately after surgery, patients are often intubated for mechanical ventilation and are unable to speak. Using alternative communication methods such as pen and paper allows the patient to express needs safely while intubated.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Inhibit hepatic synthesis of Vitamin K: Inhibition of vitamin K synthesis is the mechanism of action for warfarin, an anticoagulant, not antiplatelet drugs. Antiplatelet therapy does not interfere with clotting factor production in the liver.
B. Decrease tissue necrosis: While antiplatelet therapy can reduce the risk of thrombotic events that might lead to tissue ischemia, its primary mechanism is not directly to prevent tissue necrosis but to prevent platelet-mediated clot formation.
C. Suppress platelet aggregation: Antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin or clopidogrel, work by inhibiting platelet activation and aggregation. This prevents the formation of arterial thrombi, particularly in conditions like coronary artery disease or after stent placement, reducing the risk of myocardial infarction or stroke.
D. Dissolve the blood clot: Thrombolytic agents, not antiplatelet drugs, are responsible for dissolving existing clots. Antiplatelet therapy focuses on preventing new clot formation rather than lysing established thrombi.
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