The physician has ordered 1 amp of sodium bicarbonate to be added to the client's IVF. The parents of the client want to know what this drug is used for. The student nurse tells the parents that this is commonly given to:

prevent the effects of elevated potassium on the cardiac muscle

treat hyperkalemia

treat hyponatremia

manage metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:
A. While sodium bicarbonate can help mitigate some cardiac effects of hyperkalemia, this is not its primary indication.
B. Sodium bicarbonate may be used as an adjunct in hyperkalemia but not as a direct treatment.
C. Sodium bicarbonate does not treat hyponatremia.
D. Sodium bicarbonate is primarily used to neutralize excess acid in the blood and manage metabolic acidosis by increasing blood pH.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Dysrhythmias may occur due to increased CO₂ levels and acid-base imbalance affecting cardiac conduction.
B. Barrel chest is a common physical finding in clients with chronic COPD due to air trapping and lung hyperinflation.
C. Difficulty arousing the client may indicate CO₂ narcosis, a sign of worsening respiratory acidosis.
D. Confusion and disorientation, such as repeatedly asking "Where am I?", are neurological signs of elevated CO₂ levels.
E. Deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul respirations) are typical of metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis from COPD.

A. normal ABG B. respiratory acidosis C. metabolic alkalosis D. respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. pH 7.41: Normal range is 7.35–7.45. PaCO₂ 45 mm Hg: Normal range is 35–45 mm Hg. HCO₃⁻ 26 mEq/L: Normal range is 22–26 mEq/L. PaO₂ 84 mm Hg: Normal range is 80–100 mm Hg. SaO₂ 97%: Normal range is 95–100%. All values are within normal limits, indicating a balanced acid-base and oxygenation status.

B. pH 7.41: Normal range is 7.35–7.45. PaCO₂ 45 mm Hg: Normal range is 35–45 mm Hg. HCO₃⁻ 26 mEq/L: Normal range is 22–26 mEq/L. PaO₂ 84 mm Hg: Normal range is 80–100 mm Hg. SaO₂ 97%: Normal range is 95–100%. All values are within normal limits, indicating a balanced acid-base and oxygenation status.

C. pH 7.41: Normal range is 7.35–7.45. PaCO₂ 45 mm Hg: Normal range is 35–45 mm Hg. HCO₃⁻ 26 mEq/L: Normal range is 22–26 mEq/L. PaO₂ 84 mm Hg: Normal range is 80–100 mm Hg. SaO₂ 97%: Normal range is 95–100%. All values are within normal limits, indicating a balanced acid-base and oxygenation status.

D. pH 7.41: Normal range is 7.35–7.45. PaCO₂ 45 mm Hg: Normal range is 35–45 mm Hg. HCO₃⁻ 26 mEq/L: Normal range is 22–26 mEq/L. PaO₂ 84 mm Hg: Normal range is 80–100 mm Hg. SaO₂ 97%: Normal range is 95–100%. All values are within normal limits, indicating a balanced acid-base and oxygenation status.

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The physician has ordered 1 amp of sodium bicarbonate to be added to the client's IVF. The parents of the client want to know what this drug is used for. The student nurse tells the parents that this is commonly given to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client is experiencing respiratory acidosis as a result of COPD is likely to present with which of the following clinical signs? (Select 4 options that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Interpret the ABG: pH 7.41, PaCO2 45mmHg. HCO3 26, PaO2 84 mmHg. SaO2 97%

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Interpret the following ABG: pH 7.49, pCo2 30 mmHg, HCO3 23 Meq/L. PaO2 96 mmHg. SaO2 98%

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