. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

Diarrhea

Salicylate intoxication

Hyperventilation

Vomiting

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. Diarrhea causes loss of bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) from the intestines, leading to metabolic acidosis. This is a common non-anion gap cause of metabolic acidosis.

B. While salicylate intoxication can initially cause respiratory alkalosis, it may later lead to mixed acid-base disturbances, including metabolic acidosis. However, it is not the most direct or common cause in this context.

C. Hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic acidosis, due to excessive loss of CO₂.

D. Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid (HCl), which typically results in metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Chloride levels often decrease along with sodium, as they are closely related electrolytes. Hyponatremia is commonly accompanied by hypochloremia.
B. Calcium levels are regulated independently of sodium and are not typically affected by hyponatremia.
C. Potassium may be normal, low, or even high depending on the underlying cause; it is not consistently low with hyponatremia.
D. Magnesium levels do not typically mirror sodium levels and are regulated separately.

A. Magnesium B. Sodium C. Potassium D. Calcium E. Phosphate

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Magnesium plays a role in acid-base balance and influences potassium levels.
B. Sodium is important but less directly related to acid-base balance than potassium and magnesium.
C. Potassium is critical to monitor because acid-base imbalances often cause shifts in potassium levels, affecting cardiac function.
D. Calcium levels can be affected but are less immediately critical than potassium and magnesium.
E. Phosphate is involved in metabolism but is not a primary electrolyte monitored for acid-base balance.

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. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing a client's admission laboratory findings that indicate the client has hyponatremia. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse also expect to be below the expected reference range?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

When caring for a client with an acid-base imbalance, which serum electrolytes are essential for a nurse to monitor? (Select 2 that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

The nurse can record that the compensatory mechanism for the correction of metabolic acidosis is in effect when the nurse observes?

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