The PMHNP is conducting a mental status exam (MSE) on a new client. He asks her to explain the meaning of the proverb, "A rolling stone gathers no moss." The PMHNP understands that the proverb portion of the MSE tests functioning in which areas of the brain?
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: The temporal lobe primarily processes auditory information and is involved in memory formation, but abstract reasoning and proverb interpretation are not localized to this area.
Choice B reason: The parietal lobe integrates sensory information and contributes to spatial awareness, which is unrelated to abstract reasoning or interpretation of proverbs.
Choice C reason: The occipital lobe is mainly responsible for visual processing and does not govern executive functions or abstract thought.
Choice D reason: The frontal lobe, particularly the prefrontal cortex, is critical for executive functioning, abstract reasoning, planning, and judgment. Interpreting proverbs like “A rolling stone gathers no moss” requires conceptualization, abstraction, and insight, making this portion of the MSE a test of frontal lobe functioning.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Low-dose aspirin is used for preeclampsia prevention during pregnancy, not for acute postpartum hypertension with severe symptoms.
Choice B reason: Magnesium sulfate is the treatment of choice for preventing seizures in postpartum preeclampsia or eclampsia and managing severe symptoms such as headaches, blurred vision, and upper abdominal pain.
Choice C reason: Lorazepam is an anxiolytic and anticonvulsant but is not first-line therapy for preeclampsia or eclampsia.
Choice D reason: Lactated Ringer's solution is a supportive fluid but does not address the underlying risk of seizures or severe hypertension.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This choice is correct because lithium has consistently shown robust evidence in reducing suicide risk in patients with bipolar disorder. It stabilizes mood and has anti-suicidal properties independent of its mood-stabilizing effects.
Choice B reason: Lamotrigine is effective for preventing depressive episodes in bipolar disorder but has limited evidence for reducing suicidal behavior.
Choice C reason: Oxcarbazepine is sometimes used off-label for mood stabilization but lacks strong evidence for suicide risk reduction in bipolar patients.
Choice D reason: Divalproex is effective for treating mania and mood stabilization but does not have conclusive evidence specifically supporting reduction in suicide risk.
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