The traditional areas of auscultation of heart sounds include Erb's point, which is located at?

Second or third intercostal space at the left sternal border

The second intercostal space at the right sternal border

Fifth intercostal space near the left midclavicular line

Third intercostal space at the left sternal border

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:
A. Second or third intercostal space at the left sternal border: Erb's point is located here, and it's a key area for listening to heart sounds, particularly the aortic and pulmonic valves.

B. The second intercostal space at the right sternal border: This area is typically used to auscultate the aortic valve.

C. Fifth intercostal space near the left midclavicular line: This area is used to auscultate the mitral valve, not Erb's point.

D. Third intercostal space at the left sternal border: This is the location for listening to the pulmonic valve, not Erb's point.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bronchitis primarily causes coughing and mucus production, and does not specifically relate to trouble breathing while lying down.

B. Heart failure often leads to orthopnea (difficulty breathing while lying flat) and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (waking up at night with difficulty breathing). These symptoms align with the client's reported issues.

C. Pneumonia usually presents with acute symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest pain, rather than the specific nocturnal breathing difficulty described.

D. Tuberculosis typically involves symptoms like chronic cough, night sweats, and weight loss, rather than difficulty breathing while lying down.

A. Venous insufficiency ulcers B. Arterial insufficiency ulcers C. Neuropathic ulcers D. Deep vein thrombosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Venous insufficiency ulcers: Typically present with dark discoloration and edema, but not specifically with changes in color with elevation and dependency.

B. Arterial insufficiency ulcers: Pale feet when elevated and dark red when dependent are classic signs of arterial insufficiency. These changes in color are due to poor blood flow.

C. Neuropathic ulcers: Usually associated with diabetes and often occur on pressure points, not typically related to color changes with elevation.

D. Deep vein thrombosis: While DVT can cause swelling and pain, it does not usually present with color changes that are dependent on the position of the foot.

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The traditional areas of auscultation of heart sounds include Erb's point, which is located at?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a health history, a male client tells the nurse that he "can't breathe well" at night when he is lying down and has trouble sleeping because he wakes up with trouble breathing. The nurse would assess this client further for which of the following?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During the physical assessment of the peripheral vascular system, a client's foot is pale when elevated and dark red when in the dependent position. The nurse is concerned that this client is at risk for developing:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

On examination, the nurse would expect what finding if a client is in right-sided heart failure?

Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation murmur is classified as a:

The nurse refers an older adult client for further evaluation after the nurse assesses warm skin and brown pigmentation around the ankles. The nurse suspects which of the following?

A group of nurses is reviewing several electrocardiograms (ECGs). The students demonstrate an understanding of the waveforms when they identify which component as indicating ventricular repolarization (relaxation).

After teaching a group of students about blood flow through the heart, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state that after being received by the atria, the blood goes to which of the following?

A nurse provides prevention strategies to a group of clients who are identified as at risk for hypertension. Which strategies should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Of the four types of stethoscopes, which one is most unsuitable to conduct a full cardiac examination?

While the nurse is assessing a 56-year-old male with concerns about his peripheral vascular health, the nurse would educate the patient about which risk factors that can influence his peripheral vascular system? (Select all that apply)