The urinary bladder is composed of
transitional ET
simple squamous ET
simple cuboidal ET
stratified squamous ET
pseudostratified columnar ET epithelium.
The Correct Answer is A
A. transitional ET: This specialized epithelium is unique to the urinary tract and allows for significant distension. The cells can shift from a rounded, cuboidal shape to a flattened appearance as the bladder fills. This structural flexibility prevents tissue damage during volume fluctuations.
B. simple squamous ET: This single layer of flat cells is adapted for rapid filtration and diffusion rather than stretching. It is found in the parietal layer of the glomerular capsule and the thin limb of the loop of Henle. It lacks the durability required for a storage organ.
C. simple cuboidal ET: These cells are primarily involved in secretion and absorption within the renal tubules. They often possess microvilli to increase surface area for transport. This tissue type does not provide the stratified protection or distensibility needed for the bladder wall.
D. stratified squamous ET: This tissue provides protection against mechanical abrasion in areas like the skin or esophagus. While it is multi-layered, it does not have the ability to stretch and recoil like transitional cells. It is generally found in the distal portion of the urethra.
E. pseudostratified columnar ET epithelium: This tissue type is characteristic of the respiratory tract where it often possesses cilia and goblet cells. It is designed for moving mucus and debris rather than containing liquid under pressure. It does not occur in the lining of the urinary bladder.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. a tertiary follicle: This term refers to a mature, fluid-filled antral follicle that contains the oocyte before it is released. While the tertiary follicle is the structure that ruptures, it is the cellular unit within it that is ovulated. The follicle remains in the ovary to become the corpus luteum.
B. a secondary follicle: A secondary follicle is an immature stage of follicular development characterized by the presence of a small, fluid-filled antrum. It has not yet reached the maturity required for ovulation. It contains a primary oocyte that has not yet completed its first meiotic division.
C. a primary oocyte: The primary oocyte is arrested in prophase 1 from before birth until just before ovulation. The LH surge triggers the completion of meiosis 1, transforming the primary oocyte into a secondary oocyte. Therefore, the cell released during ovulation has already progressed past the primary stage.
D. a primary follicle: This is an early stage of follicular development consisting of a primary oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells. It is far from the stage of maturity required for ovulation. Many primary follicles exist in the ovary but only one typically matures monthly.
E. a secondary oocyte: Upon the LH surge, the primary oocyte completes its first meiotic division to become a secondary oocyte and a first polar body. This is the specific cell stage that is released from the ovary during ovulation. It remains arrested in metaphase 2 until fertilization occurs.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. not develop secondary sex characteristics: Secondary sex characteristics, such as muscle growth and hair distribution, are driven by testosterone produced by interstitial cells. Since LH levels are normal, these cells will still be stimulated to produce adequate testosterone. The boy would likely appear physically mature in terms of external male characteristics.
B. have impaired function of interstitial cells: Interstitial endocrine cells are specifically regulated by luteinizing hormone, which the question states is functioning normally. These cells will continue to synthesize testosterone regardless of the FSH deficiency. Their endocrine function remains intact because their primary tropic hormone is still present in the circulation.
C. be impotent (unable to have an erection): Erection is a neurovascular reflex mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system and is not directly dependent on FSH. While low testosterone can decrease libido, LH is present to maintain testosterone levels. Therefore, the physiological mechanism for erection should remain functional in this mature male.
D. be unable to produce viable sperm: Follicle-stimulating hormone is strictly required to stimulate the sustentacular cells to facilitate the final stages of sperm maturation. Without FSH, the process of spermatogenesis cannot be completed effectively, leading to infertility. The individual would produce few or no functional spermatozoa despite normal hormonal levels.
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