Twenty-four hours after a cesarean birth a neonate, at 30 weeks' gestation, is diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). When explaining to the parents about the cause of this syndrome the nurse should include a discussion about altered secretion of:

Testosterone.

Somatotropin.

Surfactant.

Progesterone.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone, an androgen, responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics and reproductive tissues. While present in trace amounts in females, it has no direct role in the pulmonary physiology or the production of pulmonary surfactant, which is the critical deficiency leading to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm neonates.

Choice B rationale

Somatotropin, also known as growth hormone (GH), is a peptide hormone responsible for stimulating growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration. Its main effects are on somatic growth and metabolism. Although many hormones influence fetal lung maturation indirectly, an altered secretion of somatotropin is not the primary physiological cause for the development of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

Choice C rationale

Surfactant is a lipoprotein complex produced by Type II alveolar cells. Its function is to lower the surface tension within the alveoli, preventing their collapse upon expiration. In preterm infants, especially those born before 34 weeks' gestation, the production of adequate amounts of surfactant is often immature or insufficient, leading to widespread atelectasis and the clinical picture of respiratory distress syndrome.

Choice D rationale

Progesterone is a major female sex hormone primarily involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis. It plays a crucial role in maintaining pregnancy by supporting the uterine lining. While steroid hormones are generally involved in fetal development, altered secretion of progesterone is not the main physiological factor causing the acute alveolar collapse seen in respiratory distress syndrome.

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Astigmatism is an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, which causes light rays to focus unevenly on the retina, resulting in distorted or blurred vision at any distance. The primary treatment for astigmatism is the use of corrective lenses, such as eyeglasses or contact lenses, not therapeutic eye patching.

Choice B rationale

Hyperopia, or farsightedness, occurs when the light focuses behind the retina because the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, causing difficulty seeing objects up close. This condition is primarily managed by prescribing convex corrective lenses to help shift the focal point onto the retina.

Choice C rationale

Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the light focuses in front of the retina because the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too steep, causing blurry distance vision. The standard treatment involves concave corrective lenses to diverge light rays and properly position the focal point on the retina.

Choice D rationale

Amblyopia, commonly called "lazy eye," is a reduction in visual acuity in one eye that results from the eye and brain not working well together, often caused by untreated strabismus or refractive errors. Patching the strong eye forces the brain to use the weaker, amblyopic eye, stimulating the development of the neural pathways necessary for clear vision.

A. "Preterm newborns have a smaller body surface area than normal newborns.”. B. "The added brown fat layer in a preterm newborn reduces his ability to generate heat.”. C. "Preterm newborns lack adequate temperature control mechanisms.”. D. "The heat in the incubator rapidly dries the sweat of preterm newborns.”. —

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Preterm newborns actually have a relatively larger body surface area compared to their body weight than full-term infants. This increased surface-to-mass ratio is a significant factor contributing to their rapid and excessive heat loss because a greater proportion of the heat-producing tissue is exposed to the environment, making it harder to maintain a stable core temperature.

Choice B rationale

The primary mechanism for nonshivering thermogenesis in newborns involves the metabolism of brown adipose tissue (brown fat). While a preterm newborn may have some brown fat, the amount is significantly less developed and less accumulated compared to a term infant, which, coupled with poor muscle tone, severely reduces their capacity to generate and maintain sufficient heat.

Choice C rationale

Preterm newborns are highly susceptible to cold stress because their central nervous system temperature control mechanisms are immature and inefficient. They lack the necessary muscle tone for flexion, have minimal subcutaneous fat for insulation, possess a thin skin barrier, and have inadequate brown fat reserves, all of which contribute to an inability to maintain a neutral thermal environment without external support.

Choice D rationale

Heat loss via evaporation occurs when moisture on the skin (like amniotic fluid, or from insensible water loss) converts to vapor. While the thin skin of a preterm newborn does lead to increased insensible water loss, the primary reason for placing them in an incubator is to counteract the combined effects of reduced heat production and increased heat loss via convection, radiation, and conduction, not merely to dry sweat. —.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Twenty-four hours after a cesarean birth a neonate, at 30 weeks' gestation, is diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). When explaining to the parents about the cause of this syndrome the nurse should include a discussion about altered secretion of:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse develops a plan of care for a child that includes patching the eye. This plan of care would be most appropriate for which condition?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a preterm newborn who is in an incubator to maintain a neutral thermal environment. The father of the newborn asks the nurse why this is necessary. Which of the following responses should the nurse make.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Parents of a preschooler with cerebral palsy ask the nurse what the surgeon plans to implant in their child's body to control spasticity. What is the nurse's answer.

A one-day-old newborn, at 32 weeks' gestation, is under the radiant warmer. The nurse assesses the axillary temperature and notes it is 97.3 degrees F (36.3 degrees C). Which of the following would explain this assessment finding?

The parents of a newborn male ask the nurse about circumcision. They are undecided as to what to do. Which response by the nurse is best?

A new parent asks you why their newborn has jaundice. How would you explain?

The nurse should recognize which of the following signs as a manifestation of sepsis in the neonate? Select all that apply.

Which information would the nurse include when teaching a new mother about the difference between pathologic and physiologic jaundice?

To promote bonding and attachment immediately after delivery, what action by the nurse is most important?

A nurse is caring for a newborn who was born at 39 weeks of gestation, weighs 3500 grams, and is in the 70th percentile for weight. Based on the weight and gestational age, the nurse should classify this neonate as which of the following?