What finding in a person with hepatitis B is most concerning?
Weight loss
Anorexia
Confusion
Fever
The Correct Answer is C
A. Weight loss: Weight loss can occur in hepatitis B due to decreased appetite and metabolic changes. While concerning for overall nutrition and health, it is a gradual symptom and not immediately life-threatening.
B. Anorexia: Anorexia is a common early symptom of hepatitis B caused by liver inflammation. It can contribute to malnutrition but is generally not an acute indicator of severe or emergent complications.
C. Confusion: Confusion may indicate hepatic encephalopathy, a serious complication of liver dysfunction where toxins like ammonia accumulate and impair brain function. This is a medical emergency requiring prompt assessment and intervention to prevent progression to coma.
D. Fever: Fever reflects the body’s inflammatory response to infection and is common in viral hepatitis. While it requires monitoring, it is not as immediately concerning as neurological changes like confusion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. pH 7.48, PaCO2 37 mm Hg, HCO3 30 mEq/L:This ABG shows alkalemia with normal PaCO2 and slightly elevated bicarbonate, consistent with metabolic alkalosis. It does not indicate respiratory acidosis because PaCO2 is within normal limits.
B. pH 7.28, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, HCO3 20 mEq/L:This reflects acidemia with low PaCO2 and low HCO3, suggestive of metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation. The low CO2 indicates hyperventilation to compensate, not primary respiratory acidosis.
C. pH 7.39, PaCO2 38 mm Hg, HCO3 23 mEq/L:These values are within normal physiologic ranges, representing a normal ABG with no evidence of acid-base disturbance.
D. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L:This ABG indicates acidemia (low pH) with elevated PaCO2 and normal bicarbonate, which is consistent with respiratory acidosis. The elevated CO2 reflects hypoventilation or impaired gas exchange leading to CO2 retention and decreased pH.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Sensorineural hearing loss:Sensorineural hearing loss occurs due to damage to the inner ear structures or auditory nerve pathways. It involves impaired transmission of sound signals rather than abnormal excitation of sensory nerves, so it is not directly caused by sensory nerve hyperactivity.
B. Neuropathy:Neuropathy results from abnormal excitation, injury, or dysfunction of sensory, motor, or autonomic nerves. When sensory nerves are abnormally excited, clients may experience pain, tingling, burning, or hypersensitivity, which are hallmark manifestations of peripheral neuropathy.
C. Loss of smell or taste:Anosmia or ageusia arises from dysfunction of cranial nerves I, VII, IX, or X, often due to infection, trauma, or neurodegenerative disease. It reflects sensory loss rather than abnormal sensory nerve excitation.
D. Photophobia:Photophobia is increased sensitivity to light, typically caused by ocular inflammation, migraine, or neurological disorders. It is a symptom of sensory irritation but not a direct result of abnormal nerve excitation in a general sense like neuropathy.
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