What is one of the key physiological abnormalities associated with schizophrenia?
Decreased levels of serotonin in the prefrontal cortex
Increased levels of dopamine activity in certain brain regions
Increased acetylcholine receptor activity in the hippocampus
Excessive production of GABA in the amygdala
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: While serotonin dysregulation may play a role in mood disorders, decreased serotonin in the prefrontal cortex is not the primary abnormality in schizophrenia.
Choice B reason: Schizophrenia is strongly associated with increased dopamine activity in mesolimbic brain regions, contributing to positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. This is the key physiological abnormality.
Choice C reason: Acetylcholine receptor activity is not a defining abnormality in schizophrenia. It is more relevant to cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Choice D reason: Excessive GABA production is not linked to schizophrenia. In fact, GABA dysfunction is more associated with anxiety disorders.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is commonly associated with eating disorders. Ritualistic behaviors and obsessive thoughts about food, weight, and body image overlap with OCD tendencies.
Choice B reason: Breathing-related sleep disorders are not typically comorbid with eating disorders. While malnutrition can affect sleep, this is not a recognized comorbidity.
Choice C reason: Depression is strongly associated with eating disorders. Clients often experience low mood, hopelessness, and poor self-esteem, which contribute to disordered eating behaviors.
Choice D reason: Schizophrenia is not a common comorbidity of eating disorders. While both are psychiatric conditions, they do not typically occur together.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Eating uncontrollably for several months is a core feature of binge eating disorder. It reflects recurrent episodes of overeating with loss of control, which is central to the DSM-5 definition. This behavior disrupts basic nutritional needs and contributes to obesity and related health issues.
Choice B reason:
Saying “I feel so fat” shows distorted body image and dissatisfaction with weight. Negative self-perception is common in eating disorders and often drives unhealthy eating patterns. It undermines self-esteem and reinforces the cycle of binge eating.
Choice C reason:
Reporting lifelong struggles with weight highlights chronic preoccupation with body size. Early concerns about weight often predispose individuals to eating disorders later in life. This long-standing issue suggests deep-rooted psychological distress tied to body image.
Choice D reason:
Feeling depressed is strongly linked to binge eating disorder. Mood disturbances often follow binge episodes and worsen the disorder’s impact. Depression reduces motivation for treatment and interferes with daily functioning, making recovery more difficult.
Incorrect findings rationale:
Statements such as being married, having children, and attending social gatherings weekly are not manifestations of an eating disorder. These are contextual social factors but do not meet DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Similarly, vital signs, lab values, and comorbid conditions (e.g., diabetes, gallstones) are medical findings but not direct indicators of BED. While obesity and elevated blood glucose are associated with BED, they are consequences rather than diagnostic manifestations. DailyMed emphasizes that pharmacologic interventions like glipizide address comorbid diabetes, not the eating disorder itself. Thus, these findings are clinically relevant but not diagnostic markers of BED.
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