What is the most likely reason for muscle fatigue during prolonged exercise?
Increased ATP levels
Depletion of oxygen
Lack of glycogen stores
Accumulation of lactic acid
The Correct Answer is D
A. Increased ATP levels: During exercise, ATP is consumed rapidly to fuel muscle contractions. Increased ATP levels are not a cause of fatigue; rather, ATP depletion can contribute to reduced muscle performance.
B. Depletion of oxygen: Oxygen depletion can limit aerobic metabolism, but muscles often continue generating energy anaerobically. Oxygen shortage alone is not the primary cause of fatigue in prolonged activity.
C. Lack of glycogen stores: Glycogen is a key energy source, and its depletion can reduce endurance. However, fatigue is more directly related to metabolic byproducts affecting muscle contraction.
D. Accumulation of lactic acid: During intense or prolonged exercise, anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid, which lowers pH in muscle cells. This acidic environment interferes with enzyme activity and muscle contraction, leading to fatigue.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Thyroid hormone: Thyroid hormone regulates metabolism, growth, and development but has only a minor role in calcium homeostasis compared to parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.
B. Insulin: Insulin controls blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose and promoting glycogen synthesis. It does not significantly affect calcium levels in the blood.
C. Adrenaline: Adrenaline, produced by the adrenal medulla, mediates the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate and blood pressure, without direct regulation of calcium levels.
D. Parathyroid hormone: Parathyroid hormone, secreted by the parathyroid glands, increases blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium release from bones, enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Photoreceptors: Photoreceptors are specialized cells in the retina that detect light and color, playing a role in vision. They do not respond to temperature changes.
B. Chemoreceptors: Chemoreceptors detect chemical changes in the environment or body, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels. They are not involved in sensing temperature.
C. Thermoreceptors: Thermoreceptors are sensory receptors located in the skin and hypothalamus that respond to changes in temperature. They allow the body to perceive warmth and cold and help regulate thermoregulation.
D. Mechanoreceptors: Mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical stimuli such as pressure, touch, vibration, and stretch. They do not detect temperature changes.
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