What is the primary role of the glomerulus in the nephron?
Reabsorption of water
Secretion of wastes
Production of hormones
Filtration of blood
The Correct Answer is D
A. Reabsorption of water: Water reabsorption occurs mainly in the tubules, not the glomerulus.
B. Secretion of wastes: Secretion occurs in the renal tubules.
C. Production of hormones: The kidneys produce hormones like erythropoietin, but not at the glomerulus.
D. Filtration of blood: The glomerulus filters blood under pressure, allowing water and small solutes to pass into Bowman’s capsule while retaining blood cells and proteins.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH): ADH (released from the posterior pituitary) specifically makes the collecting ducts more permeable to water, allowing it to be reabsorbed back into the blood.
B. Aldosterone: Aldosterone primarily causes the reabsorption of sodium, and water follows the sodium. ADH acts directly on water channels (aquaporins).
C. Erythropoietin: This hormone stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells.
D. Renin: Renin is an enzyme that starts a hormonal cascade; it does not directly reabsorb water itself.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Collecting duct: This is involved in the final processing of urine, not the initial filtration.
B. Loop of Henle: This is involved in reabsorption and urine concentration.
C. Distal convoluted tubule: This is primarily involved in the secretion of ions and fine-tuning of electrolyte balance.
D. Bowman's capsule: Filtration occurs at the renal corpuscle, which consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule; the capsule collects the filtrate forced out of the blood.
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