What should the nurse do with linens that have been soiled by a client with hepatitis?

Choice A reason: Series of assessments that isolate a client’s health problem is not the best definition of the nursing process. The nursing process is not only a series of assessments, but also a series of actions that include planning, implementing, and evaluating the nursing care. The nursing process does not isolate a client’s health problem, but rather identifies and addresses the client’s holistic needs and responses to health and illness. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Framework for the organization of individualized nursing care is the best definition of the nursing process. The nursing process is a framework that guides the nurse’s decision making and actions in providing individualized nursing care to each client. It involves five steps: assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation. It is based on scientific principles, ethical standards, and evidence-based practice. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice C reason: Preset formula for the design of nursing care is not the best definition of the nursing process. The nursing process is not a preset formula, but rather a dynamic and flexible method that adapts to the changing needs and situations of each client. It requires critical thinking, creativity, and clinical judgment from the nurse. It also involves collaboration and communication with the client and other members of the health care team. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D reason: Method to assure that the physician’s orders are carried out correctly is not the best definition of the nursing process. The nursing process is not a method to assure that the physician’s orders are carried out correctly, but rather a method to provide independent and autonomous nursing care that complements or supplements the medical care. The nursing process reflects the nurse’s scope of practice, responsibility, and accountability for the client’s well-being. It also empowers the client to participate in their own care and achieve their health goals. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice A reason: “Where do you hurt?” is not the best response to the PN’s observations. This response shows closed-ended questioning, which is a communication technique that involves asking questions that require a yes or no answer or a specific piece of information. It also shows confrontation, which is a communication technique that involves challenging or opposing the other person’s statements or behaviors. It may make the client feel defensive, pressured, or misunderstood, and may discourage further communication. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason: "I am glad you are feeling beter and have no discomfort.” is not the best response to the PN’s observations. This response shows false reassurance, which is a communication technique that involves minimizing or dismissing the other person’s feelings or situation. It also shows inconsistency, which is a communication barrier that involves giving contradictory or conflicting messages. It may make the client feel confused, ignored, or invalidated, and may undermine the trust or rapport between the client and the PN. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice C reason: "What you are saying and what I am observing don’t seem to match.” is the best response to the PN’s observations. This response shows reflection, which is a communication technique that involves restating or paraphrasing what the client has said to show understanding and clarify meaning. It also shows congruence, which is a communication skill that involves using consistent verbal and nonverbal cues to reinforce the message and avoid confusion or misunderstanding. It helps the client to recognize and explore their own feelings or thoughts, and shows that the PN is atentive, respectful, and empathetic. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice D reason: "It makes me uncomfortable when you are not honest with me.” is not the best response to the PN’s observations. This response shows self-disclosure, which is a communication technique that involves sharing personal information or feelings with the other person. It also shows accusation, which is a communication barrier that involves blaming or criticizing the other person for their statements or behaviors. It may make the client feel

guilty, ashamed, or angry, and may damage the relationship or communication between the client and the PN. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.