What would indicate to the nurse that a joint is dislocated?
crepitus
deformity of a joint
pain and tenderness
increased range of motion in a joint
The Correct Answer is B
A. Crepitus: Crepitus refers to a grating or crackling sensation felt or heard with joint movement, often associated with fractures or degenerative joint disease. It can occur with cartilage damage but does not specifically indicate that a joint is dislocated. Crepitus alone is not a definitive sign of joint displacement.
B. Deformity of a joint: A visible or palpable deformity is a hallmark sign of joint dislocation due to displacement of the articulating bone surfaces. The joint often appears misaligned or abnormal in contour. This finding directly reflects loss of normal joint alignment.
C. Pain and tenderness: Pain and tenderness are common findings in many musculoskeletal injuries, including sprains, fractures, and soft tissue injuries. These symptoms are nonspecific and do not distinguish dislocation from other joint injuries. Additional assessment findings are needed to confirm dislocation.
D. Increased range of motion in a joint: Dislocation typically results in decreased or absent range of motion due to pain, muscle spasm, and mechanical blockage. Increased range of motion is more characteristic of ligamentous laxity or instability. It does not indicate a joint dislocation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Electrocardiogram: An ECG records the electrical activity of the heart and is useful for detecting arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and ischemic changes. It does not provide detailed information about structural changes in the heart.
B. Angiogram: An angiogram visualizes the coronary arteries to detect blockages or stenosis. While it provides information about blood flow, it does not directly show the overall anatomy or structural changes of the heart chambers and walls.
C. Auscultation: Auscultation allows the nurse or clinician to assess heart sounds, murmurs, and rhythm. It provides functional information rather than a direct view of anatomical structures.
D. Blood tests: Blood tests, such as cardiac enzymes or BNP, help assess cardiac function and detect myocardial injury or heart failure. They do not reveal anatomical changes in the heart.
E. Chest X-ray: A chest X-ray allows visualization of the heart’s size, shape, and position, as well as the major vessels. It can detect structural abnormalities such as cardiomegaly, heart chamber enlargement, or pulmonary congestion related to cardiac disease, making it helpful for observing anatomical changes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Epstein-Barr virus: Epstein-Barr virus is a viral infection that can cause mononucleosis and is associated with certain lymphomas, but it is not a cancer itself. Screening for a virus does not directly address the patient’s presentation of painless lymphadenopathy with systemic symptoms.
B. Hodgkin's lymphoma: Painless, enlarged cervical lymph nodes along with constitutional “B” symptoms such as night sweats and unexplained weight loss are classic indicators of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. These findings warrant further diagnostic evaluation, including imaging and biopsy, to confirm the disease.
C. Acute leukemia: Acute leukemia typically presents with anemia, thrombocytopenia, or infections due to bone marrow involvement rather than isolated painless lymphadenopathy. Night sweats and weight loss alone are not specific indicators for acute leukemia.
D. Burkitt's lymphoma: Burkitt’s lymphoma is a highly aggressive B-cell lymphoma often associated with jaw or facial swelling, particularly in children, and may be linked to Epstein-Barr virus. The presentation in an older adult with cervical lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms is more consistent with Hodgkin’s lymphoma than Burkitt’s.
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