When assessing a 3-month-old male infant, the nurse practitioner suspects hypospadias because:
the urethral opening is on the dorsal aspect of the glans penis.
the urethral opening is on the ventral aspect of the glans penis.
the NP is unable to retract the foreskin over the glans penis.
the NP is unable to palpate one of the testicles.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. A urethral opening on the dorsal aspect of the glans penis is consistent with epispadias, not hypospadias.
B. Hypospadias is a congenital condition in which the urethral opening is located on the ventral (underside) aspect of the penis, rather than at the tip of the glans. Early detection is important for surgical planning and preventing complications with urination or future sexual function.
C. Inability to retract the foreskin over the glans penis is phimosis and is not diagnostic of hypospadias.
D. Inability to palpate a testicle suggests cryptorchidism, which is unrelated to the urethral meatus position.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Normal visual acuity for a 4-year-old is generally around 20/25 in each eye.
B. Vision of 20/30 in one eye and 20/40 in the other indicates reduced visual acuity, which is abnormal for this age and warrants further evaluation to rule out amblyopia, refractive errors, or other ocular pathology.
C. While picture or “E” charts are used for younger children who cannot read letters, a 4-year-old may be able to use a standard Snellen chart, and the findings indicate decreased acuity regardless.
D. Astigmatism cannot be diagnosed solely based on these Snellen chart readings; additional testing such as refraction is required.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sulfamethoxazole is not the treatment of choice for Giardia lamblia infections.
B. Metronidazole is the first-line treatment for giardiasis in children. It is effective in eradicating the protozoal infection, alleviating symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea, and preventing transmission. Pediatric dosing should be weight-based, typically for 5–7 days.
C. Fluconazole (Diflucan) is an antifungal agent and not effective against protozoal infections like giardiasis.
D. Erythromycin/sulfisoxazole acetyl (Pediazole) is an antibiotic combination used for bacterial infections, not protozoal infections.
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