Which assessment is crucial for older adults starting a new medication to prevent adverse drug events?
Assessment of past surgical history
Height and weight recording
Blood pressure measurement
Evaluation of medication knowledge and understanding
The Correct Answer is D
A. Assessment of past surgical history: While surgical history may influence some medication decisions, it is not the primary factor in preventing adverse drug events when starting new medications.
B. Height and weight recording: Accurate height and weight are important for calculating certain drug dosages, but most older adults do not require frequent adjustments based solely on these parameters.
C. Blood pressure measurement: Blood pressure assessment is important for medications that affect cardiovascular function, but it does not address the broader issue of safe medication use, adherence, or understanding.
D. Evaluation of medication knowledge and understanding: Ensuring that older adults understand their new medication, including dosage, timing, potential side effects, and interactions, is crucial in preventing adverse drug events.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Without treatment, glaucoma can cause blindness.": Glaucoma leads to progressive optic nerve damage from increased intraocular pressure. If untreated, it causes irreversible vision loss and eventual blindness.
B. "Double vision is a common symptom of glaucoma.": Diplopia is not typical of glaucoma. Instead, glaucoma often presents with peripheral vision loss, eye pain, halos around lights, or gradual vision changes.
C. "Use of eye drops will improve vision over time.": Glaucoma medications, such as prostaglandin analogs or beta blockers, do not restore lost vision. They lower intraocular pressure to slow disease progression and preserve remaining vision.
D. "Glaucoma is caused by inadequate production of fluid within the eye.": Glaucoma usually results from impaired drainage of aqueous humor, not decreased production. Blocked outflow raises intraocular pressure, damaging the optic nerve.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: GERD is related to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction and can cause heartburn and regurgitation. While it affects swallowing comfort, it is not the most immediate or dangerous complication of dysphagia following a stroke.
B. Aspiration: Clients with dysphagia after a stroke are at high risk for aspiration because impaired swallowing mechanisms can allow food, liquids, or secretions to enter the airway. Aspiration can lead to pneumonia, airway obstruction, or acute respiratory distress.
C. Peptic ulcer disease: Peptic ulcers are typically associated with H. pylori infection, NSAID use, or increased gastric acid production. This condition is not directly linked to stroke-related dysphagia and does not represent an acute risk for this client.
D. Dumping syndrome: Dumping syndrome occurs after gastric surgery when food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine. It causes abdominal cramping, diarrhea, and hypoglycemia, but it is not a complication of dysphagia in stroke patients.
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