Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?
Cortisol.
Thyroxine (T4).
Insulin.
Adrenaline.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. It is involved in the body's stress response, metabolism, and immune function, but is not produced by the thyroid gland, which is primarily focused on metabolic regulation.
Choice B rationale
Thyroxine, also known as T4, is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is a key regulator of metabolism, growth, and development. The thyroid also produces a smaller amount of triiodothyronine (T3), which is more potent than T4.
Choice C rationale
Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. Its primary role is to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage. It is not associated with thyroid function.
Choice D rationale
Adrenaline, or epinephrine, is a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. It is a crucial part of the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose release from stores, and is unrelated to the thyroid gland.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is an antithyroid drug that works by inhibiting the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, which is responsible for the organification and coupling steps of thyroid hormone synthesis. This action reduces the production of new thyroid hormones, making it effective in treating hyperthyroidism.
Choice B rationale
Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. It does not inhibit thyroid hormone production and is not an antithyroid medication; rather, it replaces deficient thyroid hormone, acting in direct opposition to antithyroid drugs.
Choice C rationale
Radioactive iodine is an antithyroid medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. When ingested, it is selectively absorbed by the thyroid gland, where its radiation destroys a portion of the thyroid tissue, thereby reducing the production of thyroid hormones.
Choice D rationale
Methimazole is a thionamide antithyroid drug that inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking the oxidation of iodide and the coupling of iodotyrosine residues, similar to PTU. It is a common and effective treatment for hyperthyroidism.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Kava, despite being a natural product, is not safe for everyone. It has been associated with a significant risk of severe liver damage, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver failure, even with moderate use. The active compounds, kavalactones, are metabolized by the liver and can cause hepatotoxicity, making it unsafe for individuals with pre-existing liver disease.
Choice B rationale
Kava is not a prescription medication in the United States or many other countries. It is widely available over-the-counter as a dietary supplement in various forms, such as capsules, powders, and teas. Its status as a supplement, rather than a drug, means it is not subject to the same strict regulations and oversight as prescription medications.
Choice C rationale
While some studies have explored kava's anxiolytic properties, it is not recommended for patients with depression. There is no strong evidence to support its use for this condition, and the potential for liver toxicity makes it a high-risk supplement. The risk of liver damage outweighs any potential benefit, especially given the availability of safer, effective antidepressant treatments.
Choice D rationale
The most appropriate response is to advise the patient to inform their healthcare provider. Kava can interact with many medications, particularly those metabolized by the liver, such as sedatives, anxiolytics, and antidepressants, increasing the risk of both drug toxicity and liver damage. A healthcare provider can assess for potential harmful interactions and advise on safe use.
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