Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a client newly diagnosed with hypertension?

Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes.

Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness.

Increasing physical activity controls blood pressure (BP) for most people.

Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Among the given options, the most important information for the nurse to include when teaching a client newly diagnosed with hypertension is option C, "Increasing physical activity controls blood pressure (BP) for most people."

Option C emphasizes the importance of increasing physical activity as a primary lifestyle modification to control blood pressure for most people with hypertension. Regular physical activity can help improve cardiovascular health, reduce blood pressure, and manage overall health. It is a proactive step that the individual can take immediately to start managing their hypertension.

Incorrect:

Option A, "Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes," is not necessarily true for everyone. While dietary changes, such as reducing sodium intake and adopting a heart-healthy diet, can be beneficial in managing hypertension, they may not be sufficient for everyone. Physical activity is an essential component of hypertension management and has broader health benefits.

Option B, "Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness," is important information, but it is more of a recommendation for ongoing hypertension management rather than the most critical information for someone newly diagnosed with hypertension. Regular blood pressure monitoring is indeed crucial for treatment assessment and ensuring that the chosen treatment plan is effective.

Option D, "Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs," is important information to understand the nature of hypertension, but it does not provide immediate guidance for the newly diagnosed individual on how to manage their condition effectively.

As part of a comprehensive hypertension education plan, the nurse can provide additional information about dietary changes, regular blood pressure monitoring, and the importance of early management to prevent target organ damage. However, emphasizing physical activity as a fundamental aspect of hypertension management is the most important initial step for a newly diagnosed client. The nurse can then tailor the education based on the individual's specific needs and health status.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client presenting to the emergency department with a severe headache, nausea, and significantly elevated blood pressure (BP) of 238/118 mm Hg indicates a hypertensive crisis, which is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition. In such cases, the nurse's priority is to assess for potential triggers or exacerbating factors for the hypertensive crisis.

Option B, "Have there been recent stressful events in your life?" is the most relevant question to follow up on the findings. Stress is a known trigger for acute elevations in blood pressure, and severe stress can lead to a hypertensive crisis in individuals with a history of hypertension. Identifying recent stressful events may help the nurse understand potential contributing factors to the client's current condition and guide the management plan.

Option A, "Have you recently taken any antihistamines?" is not the most relevant question in this situation. Antihistamines are not typically associated with causing a hypertensive crisis. While certain medications and substances can interact with antihypertensive medications, causing an increase in BP, the severity of the client's symptoms and the extremely high BP reading suggest that a more immediate concern needs to be addressed.

Option C, "Have you consistently taken your medications?" is important for assessing medication adherence, but it may not directly explain the acute hypertensive crisis. The client's current symptoms and BP reading require more immediate investigation into potential triggers.

Option D, "Did you take any aspirin (or Tylenol) today?" is relevant to assess whether the client has recently taken any over-the-counter medications that could potentially interact with their prescribed antihypertensive drugs. However, it is not the most critical question to address the hypertensive crisis and the severity of the client's symptoms.

Given the severity of the client's presentation, the nurse should also promptly initiate appropriate interventions to address the hypertensive crisis, such as administering antihypertensive medications as prescribed, monitoring vital signs frequently, and notifying the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management.

A. Serum troponin B. Arterial blood gasses C. 12-lead electrocardiogram D. B-type natriuretic peptide

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a diagnostic blood test that can be most useful to the nurse in determining whether a client admitted with acute shortness of breath has heart failure.

BNP is a hormone produced by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume in the heart, especially in cases of heart failure. When the heart is under stress, such as in heart failure, it releases BNP into the bloodstream. Elevated levels of BNP are strongly indicative of heart failure, and the testis particularly helpful in differentiating heart failure from other conditions that may present withsimilar symptoms, such as pulmonary disorders.

When a patient presents with acute shortness of breath, the BNP test can provide valuable information to help guide the diagnosis and treatment. If the BNP level is elevated, it suggests that heart failure is likely the cause of the symptoms, and appropriate interventions can be initiated promptly.

While other diagnostic tests like serum troponin (A) are important for assessing heart damage in conditions like myocardial infarction (heart attack), they may not be as specific for heart failure.

Arterial blood gases (B) are helpful in evaluating gas exchange and acid-base balance, especially in patients with respiratory distress, but they are not specific for diagnosing heart failure.

A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) (C) can provide valuable information about the heart's electrical activity and any signs of acute myocardial infarction or other cardiac abnormalities, but it is not the primary test for diagnosing heart failure. An ECG can support the diagnosis if specific changes suggestive of heart failure are present, but the BNP test provides more direct evidence for heart failure diagnosis.

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Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a client newly diagnosed with hypertension?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which diagnostic test will be most useful to the nurse in determining whether a client admitted with acute shortness of breath has heart failure?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which topic will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a client who has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

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