Which topic will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a client who has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

Need to begin an aerobic exercise program several times weekly

Use of salt substitutes to replace table salt when cooking and at the table

Importance of making an annual appointment with the health care provider

Benefits and effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Discharge teaching for a client with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction should prioritize education about medications that are essential in managing heart failure, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.

ACE inhibitors are a class of medications commonly prescribed to heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction. They work by dilating blood vessels, reducing the workload on the heart, and improving the heart's pumping ability. They are one of the cornerstones of heart failure management and have been shown to reduce symptoms, improve quality of life, and prolong survival in heart failure patients.

Educating the client about the benefits and effects of ACE inhibitors is crucial to promote medication adherence and ensure they understand the importance of taking this medication as prescribed. Common side effects, such as dizziness or dry cough, should also be discussed so the client knows what to expect and when to notify their healthcare provider.

While the other options may also be relevant to a client with heart failure, including starting an aerobic exercise program (A), reducing salt intake (B), and scheduling regular follow-up appointments (C), the immediate priority in discharge teaching should be about the medication regimen and the specific benefits and effects of ACE inhibitors. Other aspects of heart failure management can be addressed during the overall education and follow-up sessions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

ST-segment elevation on an electrocardiogram (ECG) is a critical finding and should be reported rapidly to the health care provider. It is a hallmark ECG change seen in myocardial infarction (heart attack). When there is myocardial ischemia or injury (such as in a heart attack), the ST segment

elevates above the baseline in the affected leads of the ECG. This elevation indicates that there is an ongoing loss of oxygen and blood supply to a part of the heart muscle.

ST-segment elevation is a medical emergency because it suggests acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which can rapidly progress to a myocardial infarction if not promptly treated. Immediate intervention is needed to restore blood flow to the affected coronary artery and prevent further damage to the heart muscle.

The other options listed (A) First-degree atrioventricular block, (B) Inverted P wave, and (C) Sinus tachycardia, while significant in some situations, do not have the same urgency as ST-segment elevation in the context of chest pain. They may require medical attention, but they do not typically indicate an acute myocardial infarction or an immediate life-threatening condition. ST-segment elevation is a critical finding that requires rapid intervention to preserve heart muscle function and prevent complications.

A. The client's peritoneal effluent appears cloudy. B. The client has an outflow volume of 1800 mL. C. The client has abdominal pain during the inflow phase. D. The client's abdomen appears bloated after the inflow.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Cloudy peritoneal effluent may indicate infection or peritonitis, which is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. The nurse should report this finding promptly to the health care provider for further evaluation and intervention.

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Which topic will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a client who has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which electrocardiographic (ECG) change by a client with chest pain is most important for the nurse to report rapidly to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A female client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is receiving peritoneal dialysis with 2-L inflows. Which information should the nurse report promptly to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which result is most important to communicate to the health care provider?

The nurse is caring for a patient with manifestations of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). What is the priority nursing assessment?

The nurse on the intermediate care unit received a change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension. Which patient should the nurse assess first?

The nurse teaches a student nurse about diagnostic studies used for acute coronary syndrome. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?

Which diagnostic test will be most useful to the nurse in determining whether a client admitted with acute shortness of breath has heart failure?

Which patient is most likely to develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) and should be taught preventive measures by the nurse?

After receiving change-of-shift report on a heart failure unit, which client should the nurse assess first?

A patient is apneic and has no palpable pulses. The heart monitor shows sinus tachycardia, rate 132. What action should the nurse take next?