Which is a common clinical manifestation of Hodgkin disease?

Painful, enlarged lymph nodes

Enlarged, firm, nontender lymph nodes

Petechiae

Bone and joint pain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Painful, enlarged lymph nodes is incorrect because in Hodgkin disease, the lymph node enlargement is usually painless. Painful nodes are more commonly associated with infections or inflammatory conditions, where the immune response triggers tenderness and discomfort. In Hodgkin disease, the cancerous lymphocytes infiltrate the nodes without causing acute inflammatory pain.

B. Enlarged, firm, nontender lymph nodes is correct. The classic presentation of Hodgkin disease is the presence of firm, rubbery, nontender lymphadenopathy, most often in the cervical, supraclavicular, or mediastinal regions. The nodes are typically mobile early in the disease but may become fixed as the disease progresses. This type of lymphadenopathy is usually gradual and persistent, often discovered incidentally by the patient or during a routine exam. The nontender nature is a key distinguishing feature from infectious lymphadenopathy.

C. Petechiae is incorrect because petechiae result from thrombocytopenia or coagulation disorders, not Hodgkin disease. While advanced Hodgkin lymphoma may eventually affect the bone marrow and platelet production, petechiae are not an early or common manifestation.

D. Bone and joint pain is incorrect because this is not a typical presenting symptom of Hodgkin disease. Bone involvement may occur only in advanced stages, usually with other systemic symptoms.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increasing the child’s intake of high-fat foods is incorrect as the primary concern in this scenario is acute respiratory compromise, not malnutrition. While high-calorie, high-fat diets are important for CF management to address nutritional deficits, this intervention does not immediately improve airway clearance or reduce respiratory symptoms.

B. Encouraging increased fluid intake is partially correct because hydration helps thin mucus, making it easier to clear. However, hydration alone is insufficient for managing acute airway obstruction, especially when the child has decreased breath sounds and increased respiratory secretions.

C. Administering inhaled corticosteroids is incorrect as these reduce airway inflammation over time but are not the first-line intervention for acute mucus obstruction or compromised ventilation. They are adjunctive therapy rather than the priority in acute management.

D. Initiating chest physiotherapy (CPT) is correct because CF causes thick, sticky mucus that obstructs the airways, leading to infection and decreased oxygenation. CPT, including percussion, vibration, and postural drainage, helps mobilize mucus, improve ventilation, prevent atelectasis, and reduce the risk of further respiratory complications. This is considered the priority nursing intervention for acute respiratory exacerbations in CF.

A. Develops object permanence B. Participates in imaginary play C. Builds a collection of cards D. Learns to tell time

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Develops object permanence is incorrect because object permanence is typically achieved by 8–12 months of age, during the sensorimotor stage of infancy, not during the preschool years.

B. Participates in imaginary play is correct because preschoolers (ages 3–5 years) engage in imaginative or pretend play, which is a hallmark of this developmental stage. Imaginary play supports cognitive, social, and emotional development and is consistent with Piaget’s preoperational stage.

C. Builds a collection of cards is incorrect because collecting items is more typical of school-age children (around 6–12 years), who are developing organizational skills and a sense of classification.

D. Learns to tell time is incorrect because this skill generally develops later in the school-age period, as it requires a more advanced understanding of abstract concepts and numerical sequencing.

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Which is a common clinical manifestation of Hodgkin disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about child development to the parents of a preschooler. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse include as being expected of a preschooler?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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