Which of the following best describes the clinical characteristics of anorexia nervosa?
Regular episodes of consuming large amounts of food without compensatory behaviors
Recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting
A condition characterized by frequent overeating and rapid weight gain
A potentially fatal disorder marked by self-starvation and excessive weight loss
The Correct Answer is D
A. This describes behaviors associated with binge-eating disorder, where individuals consume large amounts of food without engaging in compensatory behaviors such as purging or excessive exercise.
B. This describes bulimia nervosa, which involves recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like self-induced vomiting, laxative use, or over-exercising to prevent weight gain.
C. Frequent overeating and rapid weight gain are not characteristic of anorexia nervosa. This pattern is more consistent with binge-eating disorder or general obesity-related behaviors.
D. Anorexia nervosa is a potentially fatal eating disorder characterized by self-starvation, extreme restriction of caloric intake, intense fear of gaining weight, and excessive weight loss. Clinical features often include emaciation, bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia, electrolyte imbalances, amenorrhea in females, and hair or skin changes. Anorexia nervosa carries a high risk of medical complications, including cardiovascular collapse, osteoporosis, and death if untreated.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While iron plays a role in certain enzymatic reactions in the body, its primary function is not directly related to nervous system function. Nervous system health depends on other nutrients like B vitamins, particularly B12.
B. Iron is essential for oxygen transport in the body. It is a key component of hemoglobin in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle cells. Hemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues throughout the body, while myoglobin stores and delivers oxygen within muscle cells, supporting energy production during physical activity. Adequate iron is critical for endurance, performance, and preventing fatigue. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, and impaired physical performance.
C. Iron is not directly used to generate energy from carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are metabolized via glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to produce ATP, but iron’s role is indirect, mainly as a component of hemoglobin and iron-containing enzymes that support oxidative metabolism.
D. While iron deficiency can indirectly affect blood oxygenation and overall cardiovascular function, iron does not directly maintain blood volume or blood pressure. Blood volume is regulated by water balance and electrolytes, while blood pressure depends on vascular resistance, cardiac output, and fluid status.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. Breast milk contains antibodies, particularly immunoglobulin A (IgA), which help protect infants from infections such as respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses. This passive immunity is a key advantage of breastfeeding.
B. Breastfeeding reduces the infant’s exposure to potential contaminants, preservatives, or additives that may be present in formula or other foods. Breast milk is naturally sterile when produced and provides optimal nutrition.
C. While breastfeeding is legally protected in many places, public acceptance in American society varies and can still be a barrier for some mothers. Social acceptance is not a biological advantage of breastfeeding.
D. Harmful drugs, alcohol, and certain infections can be passed through breast milk. Mothers must be cautious with medications, substances, or illnesses that can affect the infant.
E. Breastfeeding increases maternal energy expenditure, which can help some mothers return to their pre-pregnancy weight more quickly. It also stimulates uterine contractions, which can aid postpartum recovery.
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