Which of the following best explains the role of surfactant in the lungs?
It helps in the transportation of oxygen across the alveolar membrane.
It increases the rate of oxygen absorption in the lungs.
It reduces surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse.
It supports the structural integrity of the bronchial walls.
The Correct Answer is C
A. It helps in the transportation of oxygen across the alveolar membrane: Oxygen transport across the alveolar membrane depends on diffusion driven by concentration gradients, not directly on surfactant.
B. It increases the rate of oxygen absorption in the lungs: Surfactant does not directly increase oxygen absorption; it facilitates gas exchange indirectly by maintaining alveolar stability.
C. It reduces surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse: Surfactant is a lipid-protein substance that lines alveoli, lowering surface tension. This prevents alveolar collapse during exhalation and allows easier expansion during inhalation, improving overall lung function.
D. It supports the structural integrity of the bronchial walls: Bronchial walls are supported by cartilage and smooth muscle, not surfactant, which primarily functions within the alveoli.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Iron, Magnesium, Zinc, and Copper: These are trace elements present in very small amounts and do not contribute significantly to total body weight.
B. Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen: These four elements are the major components of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, making up more than 98% of the human body’s mass.
C. Sodium, Chlorine, Iodine, and Fluorine: These elements are essential electrolytes or trace elements but are present in relatively small quantities and do not account for the bulk of body weight.
D. Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sulfur: While these elements are important for bone structure and metabolic functions, they contribute a smaller fraction of total body mass compared to C, H, N, and O.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Photoreceptors: Photoreceptors are specialized cells in the retina that detect light and color, playing a role in vision. They do not respond to temperature changes.
B. Chemoreceptors: Chemoreceptors detect chemical changes in the environment or body, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels. They are not involved in sensing temperature.
C. Thermoreceptors: Thermoreceptors are sensory receptors located in the skin and hypothalamus that respond to changes in temperature. They allow the body to perceive warmth and cold and help regulate thermoregulation.
D. Mechanoreceptors: Mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical stimuli such as pressure, touch, vibration, and stretch. They do not detect temperature changes.
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