Which muscle type functions involuntarily and is found in the walls of internal organs?
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Striated muscle
Skeletal muscle
The Correct Answer is B
A. Cardiac muscle: Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and contracts involuntarily to pump blood. While it shares some involuntary characteristics with smooth muscle, it is specialized for rhythmic contraction and is not present in the walls of other internal organs.
B. Smooth muscle: Smooth muscle is found in the walls of internal organs such as the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. It functions involuntarily, controlling movements like peristalsis and vessel constriction without conscious effort, making it essential for organ function.
C. Striated muscle: Striated muscle refers to muscle with a striped appearance, including both skeletal and cardiac muscle. Striated muscle does not describe smooth muscle and is not primarily involved in involuntary movements of internal organs.
D. Skeletal muscle: Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control and is attached to bones to facilitate movement. It is not found in internal organs and does not function automatically, distinguishing it from smooth muscle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. It is found only in the gut: While the gut harbors a large portion of the microbiome, microorganisms also inhabit the skin, oral cavity, respiratory tract, and urogenital tract.
B. It remains constant throughout a person's life: The microbiome is dynamic and can change due to diet, environment, medications, age, and illness, showing considerable variability over time.
C. It includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms: The human microbiome is composed of a diverse array of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, all of which interact with the host and each other to influence health.
D. It consists of a single type of bacteria: The microbiome is highly diverse; a single bacterial species cannot represent its complexity or functional roles.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. To prevent backflow of blood: Vein valves are one-way structures that ensure blood flows toward the heart and prevent it from pooling or flowing backward. This is especially important in the extremities, where blood must move against gravity to return to the heart.
B. To increase blood pressure: Vein valves do not generate or increase blood pressure. Blood pressure is primarily maintained by cardiac output and arterial tone, not by the presence of venous valves.
C. To regulate body temperature: While veins contribute indirectly to temperature regulation through blood flow, valves themselves do not regulate body temperature. Their primary role is mechanical, controlling blood direction.
D. To transport nutrients: Nutrient transport occurs via blood plasma and red blood cells. Vein valves do not facilitate nutrient transport; they simply maintain unidirectional blood flow toward the heart.
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