Which of the following conditions is an example of a food intolerance?
Peanut allergy
Lactose intolerance
Bee sting reaction
Shellfish allergy
The Correct Answer is B
A. A peanut allergy is an immune-mediated response in which the body identifies peanut proteins as harmful, triggering a severe allergic reaction. This is a true food allergy, not a food intolerance.
B. Lactose intolerance is a food intolerance, not an allergy. It occurs when the body lacks sufficient lactase, the enzyme needed to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products. This leads to gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, gas, and abdominal pain after consuming dairy, but it does not involve the immune system.
C. A bee sting reaction is an example of an allergy caused by the immune system responding to bee venom. It is not related to food intolerance.
D. A shellfish allergy is an immune-mediated reaction to proteins in shellfish, which can cause severe or life-threatening symptoms. This is a true allergy, not a food intolerance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Menopause is the natural cessation of menstruation in women, typically occurring around age 50. While it involves hormonal changes and can affect bone density, metabolism, and cardiovascular health, it does not impair swallowing or directly affect nutrition intake.
B. Taste threshold refers to the sensitivity of the taste buds to detect flavors. Although aging can alter taste perception, it does not cause difficulty swallowing or lead directly to inadequate nutrition.
C. Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tender points. While it can affect quality of life, it does not directly impair swallowing or nutritional intake.
D. Dysphagia is a disorder that affects swallowing, making it difficult or painful to move food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach. It is common among older adults due to age-related changes, neurological disorders (such as stroke or Parkinson’s disease), or structural abnormalities. Dysphagia increases the risk of malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia, making proper diagnosis and management essential for maintaining adequate nutrition.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Gestational hypertension involves elevated blood pressure during pregnancy but does not include protein in the urine or the characteristic swelling seen in preeclampsia.
B. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria (protein in the urine), and often edema (swelling), particularly in the hands, feet, and face. It usually develops after 20 weeks of gestation and can lead to serious complications for both mother and baby if untreated, including organ damage, seizures (eclampsia), and preterm birth. Early detection and monitoring are essential, and management may include antihypertensive medications, close fetal monitoring, and sometimes early delivery.
C. Premature birth refers to delivery before 37 weeks of gestation and is an outcome rather than a disease with these specific symptoms.
D. Gestational diabetes involves elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy but does not typically cause protein in the urine or the characteristic swelling associated with preeclampsia.
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