Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with Kussmaul respirations?

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Asthma

Pneumonia

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is most commonly associated with Kussmaul respirations, which are deep, rapid breaths the body uses to eliminate CO₂ and compensate for metabolic acidosis.
B. Asthma causes wheezing, dyspnea, and prolonged expiration due to airway narrowing but not Kussmaul respirations.
C. Pneumonia leads to cough, fever, and shortness of breath, but respirations are not typically Kussmaul in nature.
D. COPD causes chronic hypoventilation, barrel chest, and pursed-lip breathing but not Kussmaul respirations.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. The ABGs show respiratory alkalosis (pH 7.50, PaCO₂ 29) with hypoxemia (PaO₂ 60, SaO₂ 86%). The priority is to administer oxygen via face mask to correct hypoxemia.
B. Mechanical ventilation may be needed if oxygen therapy is ineffective, but it is not the first action.
C. A sedative is not appropriate because the hyperventilation is compensatory for impaired oxygenation.
D. Assessing for pulmonary embolism is important (risk factors: oral contraceptives, smoking, sudden dyspnea), but ensuring oxygenation takes priority in the immediate situation.

A. Acute abdominal pain B. Sudden onset of high fever and chills C. Severe headache and neck stiffness D. Persistent cough lasting more than three weeks

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Acute abdominal pain is not a typical manifestation of pulmonary TB; it may occur with extrapulmonary TB affecting the abdomen, but it is not common.
B. Sudden onset of high fever and chills is more characteristic of acute bacterial infections, not the gradual onset of TB.
C. Severe headache and neck stiffness suggest meningitis, which could occur with TB meningitis, but this is less common than pulmonary TB.
D. Persistent cough lasting more than three weeks is a classic symptom of active pulmonary TB, often accompanied by sputum production, hemoptysis, fatigue, and low-grade fever.

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Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with Kussmaul respirations?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following symptoms is a common indication of active tuberculosis (TB) infection?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following findings is most commonly associated with pleural effusion during a respiratory assessment?

Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing an older adult client who has community-acquired pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has asthma. When the client exhales, the nurse hears continuous high-pitched squeaking sounds. The nurse should document this as which of the following adventitious breath sounds?

A nurse is admitting a client who is having an exacerbation of his asthma. When reviewing the provider's orders, the nurse recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications?

A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?

A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus who is admitted with an acid-base imbalance. The client's arterial blood gas values are pH 7.36, PaO2 98 mm Hg PaCO2 33 mm Hg and HCO3-18 mEq/L. Which manifestation should the nurse identify as an example of the client's compensation mechanism?

A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has AIDS with recurring pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?