Which of the following patients is at the highest risk for developing pneumonia?
A 25-year-old female with seasonal allergies
A 40-year-old male with a recent ankle sprain
A 30-year-old female who exercises regularly
A 75-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Seasonal allergies do not significantly increase the risk of pneumonia; they affect the upper airways but not typically the lower respiratory tract.
B. A recent ankle sprain has no direct connection to pneumonia risk.
C. Regular exercise generally improves respiratory and immune health, lowering pneumonia risk.
D. Older adults with COPD are at the highest risk. Age-related immune decline and chronic lung disease impair airway clearance and defense mechanisms, making pneumonia more likely and more severe.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Nausea is not a typical early manifestation of hypoxemia; it may occur later due to hypoxia-related fatigue or medication effects but is not expected.
B. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is not associated with hypoxemia during asthma; it is more related to structural or neurological issues.
C. Hypotension can occur in severe or late hypoxemia, but it is not an early or expected manifestation during an asthma attack.
D. Agitation is an early sign of hypoxemia because the brain is highly sensitive to decreased oxygen levels. Clients may become restless, anxious, or confused as oxygen levels drop.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Seasonal allergies do not significantly increase the risk of pneumonia; they affect the upper airways but not typically the lower respiratory tract.
B. A recent ankle sprain has no direct connection to pneumonia risk.
C. Regular exercise generally improves respiratory and immune health, lowering pneumonia risk.
D. Older adults with COPD are at the highest risk. Age-related immune decline and chronic lung disease impair airway clearance and defense mechanisms, making pneumonia more likely and more severe.
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