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Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?

A.

Parathyroid gland

B.

Thyroid gland

C.

Pituitary gland

D.

Adrenal gland

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Parathyroid gland: The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), the principal hormone that raises blood calcium by increasing bone resorption, renal calcium reabsorption, and activation of vitamin D.
B. Thyroid gland: The thyroid gland primarily regulates metabolism (thyroid hormones) and secretes calcitonin, which lowers blood calcium but plays a lesser role than PTH in everyday calcium regulation.
C. Pituitary gland: The pituitary regulates many endocrine glands via trophic hormones but does not directly control minute-to-minute calcium regulation.
D. Adrenal gland: The adrenal glands regulate stress responses, salt balance (aldosterone), and metabolism (cortisol), but not primary calcium homeostasis.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Filtering lymph and housing lymphocytes:Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid to remove pathogens and debris and contain lymphocytes (B and T cells) and antigen-presenting cells that participate in immune responses.
B. Producing red blood cells:Red blood cell production occurs primarily in the bone marrow, not in lymph nodes.
C. Facilitating nutrient absorption:Nutrient absorption (notably fat absorption) occurs in the small intestine, particularly the villi and lacteals, rather than in lymph nodes.
D. Transporting oxygen:Oxygen transport is performed by red blood cells in the bloodstream, not by lymph nodes.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Defending against infections:Red blood cells do not have immune functions; defense against infection is primarily the role of white blood cells.
B. Clotting blood:Clotting is mainly mediated by platelets and clotting factors in plasma, not by red blood cells.
C. Transporting oxygen:Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues — their primary function.
D. Carrying nutrients:Nutrient transport is primarily performed by plasma (dissolved nutrients) and the digestive/transport systems, not red blood cells.

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