Which type of hormone is derived from cholesterol and acts by entering the target cell to influence gene expression?

A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH):ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol; overproduction of ACTH causes Cushing disease features rather than the soft-tissue/bone overgrowth seen in acromegaly.
B. Prolactin:Prolactin excess causes galactorrhea and reproductive disturbances; it does not produce the characteristic enlarged hands, feet, and facial features of acromegaly.
C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH):Excess TSH leads to hyperthyroidism, which causes metabolic and sympathetic symptoms, not the skeletal overgrowth typical of acromegaly.
D. Growth hormone (GH):Excess GH from a pituitary adenoma stimulates increased IGF-1 production, promoting soft-tissue and bone growth that leads to the characteristic enlargement of the hands, feet, and facial bones in acromegaly.

A. Monocytes:Monocytes differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells that perform phagocytosis and antigen presentation but do not produce antibodies.
B. Neutrophils:Neutrophils are short-lived phagocytic cells that ingest and destroy pathogens; they do not produce antibodies.
C. B lymphocytes:B lymphocytes (B cells) differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies specific to antigens, making them the primary source of antibody production.
D. T lymphocytes:T lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immunity, regulating immune responses and directly killing infected cells but not in producing antibodies.