Which of the following hormones is responsible for decreasing blood glucose?
Glucagon
Cortisol
Insulin
Aldosterone
The Correct Answer is C
A. Glucagon: Raises blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, so it does not decrease glucose.
B. Cortisol: Increases blood glucose through gluconeogenesis and reducing peripheral glucose uptake during stress.
C. Insulin: Lowers blood glucose by promoting cellular uptake of glucose and stimulating glycogen synthesis and storage.
D. Aldosterone: Regulates sodium and potassium balance in the kidneys and indirectly influences fluid volume, not directly responsible for lowering blood glucose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Donating A blood to an AB patient: AB recipients express both A and B antigens and generally tolerate A blood without antibody-mediated reaction.
B. Donating O blood to a B patient: Type O lacks A/B antigens and is usually compatible with B recipients (O often considered universal donor for RBCs).
C. Donating B blood to an O patient: Type O individuals have anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma, so receiving B blood can trigger a transfusion reaction.
D. Donating A blood to an AB patient: (duplicate of A) AB recipients accept A blood because they do not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH): Raises blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption and increasing renal calcium reabsorption.
B. Insulin: Regulates blood glucose and has metabolic effects, but it does not lower blood calcium.
C. T3/T4: Thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism broadly, not the primary hormones for lowering blood calcium.
D. Calcitonin: Secreted by the thyroid (C cells) and lowers blood calcium by inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting calcium deposition in bone.
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