Which of the following hormones produces an anti-inflammatory response?

A. Cardiac muscle: Found only in the heart and specialized for rhythmic contraction, not the digestive or urinary tracts.
B. Smooth muscle: Found throughout the walls of the digestive tract and urinary tract, producing slow, involuntary contractions (peristalsis and urinary propulsion).
C. Vascular muscle: Blood vessel walls contain smooth muscle components, but the term is not used for the muscles of the digestive/urinary tract.
D. Skeletal muscle: Voluntary, striated muscle attached to bones for movement; it does not constitute the muscular wall of the digestive or urinary tracts.

A. Vitamin D: Important for calcium/phosphate balance and has immune roles, but it is not the key vitamin for collagen synthesis.
B. Vitamin K: Required for activation of clotting factors and some bone proteins, not directly for collagen production.
C. Vitamin C: Essential as a cofactor for proline and lysine hydroxylation during collagen synthesis and supports immune function; deficiency impairs collagen formation.
D. Vitamin A: Important for vision, epithelial health, and immune function, but not directly required for collagen hydroxylation.