Which of the following is a potential complication of submersion injury?
Hyperthermia.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Hypertension.
Increased intracranial pressure.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Hyperthermia is an abnormally high body temperature and is not a typical complication of submersion injury. Submersion injuries, particularly in cold water, more commonly lead to hypothermia, which is a dangerously low body temperature, due to rapid heat loss from the body.
Choice B rationale
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe, life-threatening complication of submersion injury. Aspiration of water, even in small amounts, can damage the alveolar-capillary membrane, leading to pulmonary edema, impaired gas exchange, and a profound inflammatory response in the lungs, which is the hallmark of ARDS.
Choice C rationale
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not a typical complication of submersion injury. In fact, submersion can initially cause a vasovagal response leading to bradycardia and a drop in blood pressure, or subsequently lead to hypotension due to fluid shifts and systemic compromise.
Choice D rationale
While severe hypoxia from submersion can lead to cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure, this is a consequence of the primary injury to the lungs, not a direct complication of the submersion itself. The most immediate and significant complication is the respiratory compromise that precedes other systemic effects
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bee stings do not typically lacerate, crush, or chew tissue. The stinger, a sharp appendage, is used to inject venom into the skin. While the venom can cause localized tissue damage and inflammation, it does not involve the physical tearing or crushing of tissue, as would be seen with a laceration or crushing injury. The physical trauma is minimal.
Choice B rationale
Decreased blood flow leading to freezing is not a typical physiological response to a bee sting. The venom from a bee sting contains various bioactive compounds, such as mellitin and phospholipase A2, which cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability at the sting site. This results in increased blood flow, not decreased, which contributes to localized redness and swelling.
Choice C rationale
Dehydration is not a direct consequence of a bee sting. The inflammatory response triggered by the venom leads to an influx of fluid from the capillaries into the interstitial space at the sting site. This increased fluid accumulation is what causes swelling, also known as edema, not dehydration. The primary effect is local fluid shift.
Choice D rationale
The venom injected by a bee sting contains chemical mediators, such as histamine, serotonin, and kinins, that trigger a localized inflammatory response. This response involves vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, leading to a cascade of events including increased blood flow, redness (erythema), swelling (edema), and warmth (heat) at the site of the sting.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Removing the stinger by scraping it off with a knife blade is the recommended method. Unlike pulling with tweezers, which can squeeze the venom sac and inject more venom, a scraping motion minimizes this risk. The stinger of a honeybee is barbed and remains in the skin, attached to the venom sac. Removing it quickly and correctly is crucial to prevent further venom from being released into the body. This technique ensures that the venom sac is not compressed, thus reducing the total amount of venom injected.
Choice B rationale
Sucking the wound is not recommended for a bee sting. This action is ineffective in removing venom and can introduce bacteria from the mouth into the wound, increasing the risk of infection. The venom quickly disperses into the surrounding tissues, making it impossible to remove by suction. Furthermore, this practice has no proven scientific benefit and can lead to secondary complications. The focus should be on proper stinger removal and symptom management, not on unproven methods.
Choice C rationale
Applying a tourniquet is not indicated for a bee sting. A tourniquet can cause severe tissue damage and even necrosis by cutting off blood circulation to the affected limb. Bee sting reactions are typically localized unless the client is severely allergic, in which case a tourniquet would be dangerous and ineffective. The systemic spread of venom is not something that can be stopped by constricting blood flow. This method is dangerous and should only be used in specific, life-threatening arterial bleeding situations.
Choice D rationale
Applying a cold pack is an appropriate first aid measure for a bee sting. The cold temperature helps to constrict blood vessels, which reduces the absorption of venom into the surrounding tissues. This action can also help to numb the area, providing pain relief and reducing swelling. Applying a cold compress for 10-15 minutes can significantly alleviate the localized pain, redness, and swelling that commonly occur after a bee sting, making it a simple yet effective component of immediate care. *.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.