Which of the following is FALSE regarding the membrane potential?

A. In their resting state, all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential: Every living cell maintains an electrical charge difference across its plasma membrane. Even non-excitable cells display a resting membrane potential, though it is most significant in nerve and muscle cells.

B. The resting membrane potential is maintained solely by passive transport processes: Passive diffusion of ions contributes to membrane potential, but active transport is also required. The sodium-potassium pump actively moves sodium out and potassium in, counteracting passive leaks.

C. The resting membrane potential occurs due to active transport of ions across the membrane due to the sodium-potassium pump: The sodium-potassium pump is vital because it maintains the steep gradients of sodium and potassium. Without this active transport, the gradients would dissipate, eliminating the resting potential.

D. The resting membrane potential is determined mainly by the concentration gradients and differential permeability of the plasma membrane to K+ and Na+ ions: Potassium has the greatest influence since the membrane is more permeable to K+ at rest. Sodium also plays a role, but the relative permeability differences primarily shape the resting potential.