Which of the following is not considered to be one of the steps of the acute inflammatory response?
Formation of granulomas
Release of histamine
Arteriole dilation
Increase blood flow
Phagocytosis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Formation of granulomas: Granuloma formation is a feature of chronic inflammation (organized collection of macrophages), not a routine step in the acute inflammatory response. (Not a step.)
B. Release of histamine: Histamine release (from mast cells, basophils) is an early mediator in acute inflammation causing vasodilation and increased permeability.
C. Arteriole dilation: Arteriolar (and precapillary) dilation is a vascular change in acute inflammation that increases blood flow (redness, heat).
D. Increase blood flow: Increased blood flow (hyperemia) is a hallmark vascular feature of acute inflammation producing warmth and redness.
E. Phagocytosis: Phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages is a key cellular event in acute inflammation to remove microbes/debris.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. An inherited disorder from your mother: Inherited disorders are genetic and not caused by medical intervention - not iatrogenic.
B. A combination of specific etiologic disorders: This describes multifactorial disease causation, not specifically caused by healthcare actions.
C. An unwanted effect of a prescription drug: Iatrogenic disease is any adverse condition caused by medical treatment or diagnostic procedures - adverse drug effects are classic examples.
D. Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals: Environmental/toxic exposures can cause disease but are not necessarily iatrogenic unless caused by medical care.
E. Exposure while lying in a hospital bed: This is vague; hospital-acquired infections can be iatrogenic, but the best single choice describing iatrogenic cause is adverse effect of a prescription drug.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. the count/percentage of each white blood cell types: A differential provides the relative percentages (and often absolute counts) of WBC types - neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils.
B. the count / percentage of all blood cells: The CBC reports totals for RBCs and platelets too, but the differential specifically breaks down white cell types.
C. neutrophils / erythrocytes/ eosinophils / platelets: Erythrocytes and platelets are not part of the WBC differential.
D. neutrophils / eosinophils / basophils / erythrocytes: Includes erythrocytes (RBCs), which are not part of the WBC differential.
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