Which of the following most accurately defines teleological theory in ethics?
An action is chosen because it sacrifices the fewest high-priority values.
An action is judged as good or bad based on the consequence or outcome.
An action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself, regardless of the consequences.
Actions are chosen based on the moral virtues (e.g., honesty, courage, compassion, wisdom, gratitude, self-respect) or the character of the person making the decision.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This statement reflects a utilitarian or pragmatic approach but is not a formal definition of teleological theory. It implies value-based prioritization rather than outcome-based judgment.
Choice B reason: Teleological ethics, also known as consequentialism, evaluates the morality of an action based on its outcomes. If the consequences are beneficial or maximize good, the action is considered ethically sound. This theory contrasts with deontological ethics, which focuses on the morality of the act itself.
Choice C reason: This describes deontological ethics, which judges actions based on adherence to rules or duties, regardless of the outcomes. It is the opposite of teleological theory.
Choice D reason: This reflects virtue ethics, which emphasizes the character and moral virtues of the decision-maker rather than the act or its consequences. It is a distinct ethical framework from teleology.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: ANOVA is used to compare means across three or more groups to determine if there are statistically significant differences. It does not test the relationship between two variables but rather differences among group means.
Choice B reason: A t-test compares the means of two groups to determine if they are statistically different. It is useful for hypothesis testing but does not measure the strength or direction of a relationship between two continuous variables.
Choice C reason: The p-value indicates the probability that the observed results occurred by chance. It is a component of hypothesis testing but not a statistic that directly measures relationships between variables.
Choice D reason: Pearson’s r correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two continuous variables. It ranges from -1 to +1 and is the most appropriate inferential statistic for testing relationships between two variables.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hyperactivity, flight of ideas, and rapid speech are more indicative of manic or hypomanic states. These symptoms are not typically associated with intimate partner violence.
Choice B reason: Withdrawal, fearfulness, and hypersensitivity to touch are classic signs of trauma and abuse. These behaviors may reflect hypervigilance, fear of physical contact, and emotional distress, all of which are consistent with a history of intimate partner violence.
Choice C reason: Defensiveness and anger may be present in various psychiatric conditions, including personality disorders or trauma responses. However, they are not as specific or telling as the signs in choice B.
Choice D reason: Disorganized thinking and labile mood may suggest psychosis or mood disorders but are not specific indicators of intimate partner violence. They lack the trauma-related behavioral cues seen in choice B.
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