Which of the following pictures represents a transverse lie of the fetus?
The fetus is in a longitudinal lie, cephalic presentation.
The fetus is in a transverse lie, with its head and buttocks positioned to the sides of the mother's abdomen.
The fetus is in a longitudinal lie, breech presentation.
The fetus is in an oblique lie.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
A fetus in a longitudinal lie, cephalic presentation, is positioned with its long axis parallel to the mother's spine, with the head presenting first. This is the most common and favorable position for vaginal delivery. The illustration depicts a vertical alignment of the fetus within the uterus.
Choice B rationale
A transverse lie is a fetal malpresentation where the long axis of the fetus is perpendicular to the long axis of the mother. The fetus's head and buttocks are positioned to the sides of the mother's abdomen, with the shoulder or trunk presenting first.
Choice C rationale
A fetus in a longitudinal lie, breech presentation, is positioned with its long axis parallel to the mother's spine. The fetal buttocks or feet are presenting first into the pelvic inlet. The illustration depicts a vertical alignment of the fetus with the head at the top of the uterus.
Choice D rationale
An oblique lie is an unstable fetal position where the fetal long axis is at an angle to the maternal long axis. This position often converts to a longitudinal or transverse lie during labor. The illustration depicts an angled fetal position, but it is not a true transverse lie. .
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The term "flexed attitude" describes the posture of the fetus, not its position relative to the pelvic inlet. The engagement of the presenting part is a measure of station, which indicates how low the fetus has descended into the pelvis. A fetus can be flexed without being engaged.
Choice B rationale
A transverse lie describes the fetal axis being perpendicular to the maternal spine. The attitude refers to the relationship of the fetal parts to one another, such as the position of the head relative to the chest. A fetus can have a flexed attitude in a longitudinal or transverse lie.
Choice C rationale
Breech presentation is when the fetal buttocks or feet present first into the pelvis. Attitude describes the posture of the fetal limbs and head. While a fetus in breech presentation can have a flexed attitude, the terms describe different aspects of the fetus's position and posture.
Choice D rationale
The flexed attitude is the normal and most common fetal posture during labor. This position is characterized by the fetal chin resting on its chest, with the arms and legs crossed over the abdomen. This posture allows the smallest diameter of the fetal head to present to the pelvic inlet, facilitating descent.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Rupture of the amniotic membranes is a natural part of labor progression and a common procedure for labor induction or augmentation. While it is an important event to note and monitor for potential complications like cord prolapse, it is not a direct contraindication for oxytocin administration unless other signs of fetal or maternal compromise are present.
Choice B rationale
A fetal heart rate of 140 beats per minute with accelerations is considered a normal, reassuring finding. The normal fetal heart rate range is 110-160 beats per minute. Accelerations indicate a healthy fetal response to stimulation and adequate oxygenation. Therefore, this finding would support the continuation of oxytocin, not its discontinuation.
Choice C rationale
Uterine hyperstimulation, defined as more than five contractions in 10 minutes, is a significant complication of oxytocin augmentation. This can lead to fetal distress due to reduced uteroplacental blood flow during contractions. The prolonged and frequent contractions can compromise oxygen delivery to the fetus, necessitating immediate discontinuation of the oxytocin infusion to prevent adverse outcomes.
Choice D rationale
A patient needing to void is a normal physiological need. While the nurse should ensure the patient voids regularly to prevent bladder distention, which can impede fetal descent, it is not an indication to discontinue the oxytocin infusion. This action can be managed without interrupting the medication administration.
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