Which of the following resting blood pressures would be considered normal?
130/90 mm Hg
120/80 mmHg
140/95 mm Hg
80/50 mm Hg
The Correct Answer is B
A. 130/90 mm Hg: A blood pressure of 130/90 mm Hg is considered elevated or stage 1 hypertension according to current guidelines. It exceeds the normal systolic and diastolic ranges.
B. 120/80 mm Hg: A reading of 120/80 mm Hg falls within the normal adult blood pressure range. Systolic values less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic values less than 80 mm Hg are considered optimal, making this the standard for healthy resting blood pressure.
C. 140/95 mm Hg: A blood pressure of 140/95 mm Hg indicates stage 2 hypertension. Both systolic and diastolic values are above the normal range, suggesting increased cardiovascular risk.
D. 80/50 mm Hg: While a systolic/diastolic of 80/50 mm Hg may be normal for some individuals, particularly young, healthy adults, it is generally considered low and could indicate hypotension if accompanied by symptoms like dizziness or fainting.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Receptors:Hormones, like neurotransmitters, act only on target cells that express specific receptors for that hormone. Binding to these receptors triggers cellular responses, ensuring that only cells programmed to respond are affected, which is essential for specificity in endocrine signaling.
B. Cofactors:Cofactors are non-protein molecules or ions that assist enzymes in catalysis. While important in enzymatic reactions, cofactors are not the structures that determine hormone specificity or binding.
C. Gated channels:Gated channels control the flow of ions across membranes in response to stimuli, such as voltage or ligands. They are not the primary structures responsible for hormone recognition, though some hormones can influence ion channel activity indirectly.
D. Metabolic pathways:Metabolic pathways are series of biochemical reactions within the cell. Hormones can regulate these pathways, but the pathways themselves are not the binding sites that confer specificity.
E. Enzymes:Enzymes catalyze reactions in cells and can be targets for hormone-induced regulation, but they are not the receptors that hormones must bind to in order to exert their effects.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This phenomenon is called molecular mimicry, where antibodies generated against foreign antigens (like viruses or bacteria) mistakenly recognize similar structures on the body’s own cells. This cross-reactivity can trigger an autoimmune response, leading the immune system to attack healthy tissues. Conditions such as rheumatic fever or type 1 diabetes can result from this type of immune misidentification.
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