Which of the following statements about the pain management of a burn victim are true (select all that apply)?
Additional pain medication may be needed because of rapid body metabolism.
Pain medication should be given before procedures such as debridement, dressing changes, and hydrotherapy.
Patients with a history of drug and alcohol abuse may require higher doses of pain medication.
The intramuscular route is preferred for pain medication administration.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
Rationale:
A. Additional pain medication may be needed because of rapid body metabolism is correct. Burn patients often have a hypermetabolic state that accelerates drug metabolism, which can reduce the duration and effectiveness of analgesics, necessitating more frequent or higher doses.
B. Pain medication should be given before procedures is correct because procedures such as debridement, dressing changes, and hydrotherapy are extremely painful. Administering analgesics preemptively helps reduce procedural pain and anxiety.
C. Patients with a history of drug and alcohol abuse may require higher doses is correct because these patients often have tolerance to opioids or other analgesics, meaning standard doses may be insufficient to achieve adequate pain control.
D. The intramuscular route is preferred is incorrect because intramuscular absorption is unreliable in burn patients, particularly those with extensive burns or poor perfusion. The intravenous route is preferred for rapid, reliable pain control, especially during the acute and procedural phases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. 3.3 mL would deliver approximately 742 mg, which is far above the prescribed dose.
B. 1.1 mL provides approximately 250 mg, matching the provider’s order.
First, identify the ordered dose and the available concentration.
Ordered dose = 250 mg
Available concentration = 225 mg per 1 mL
Use the medication calculation formula:
Amount to administer (mL) = Ordered dose ÷ Concentration
250 mg ÷ 225 mg/mL = 1.11 mL, which rounds to 1.1 mL
C. 2.5 mL refers to the reconstitution volume, not the amount to administer.
D. 1 mL would deliver only 225 mg, which is less than the prescribed dos
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A urinary tract infection is likely the source of infection, as indicated by the cloudy urine and Foley catheter; however, the presence of systemic signs such as fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, altered mental status, and flushed skin indicates that the infection has progressed beyond a localized UTI. Therefore, UTI alone does not fully explain the patient’s current condition.
B. Hyperdynamic sepsis (early sepsis or septic shock phase) is characterized by warm, flushed skin, fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, and changes in mental status due to widespread vasodilation and increased cardiac output. This patient’s vital signs, warm flushed skin, agitation, and evidence of infection strongly support hyperdynamic sepsis as the most likely diagnosis.
C. Hypodynamic sepsis (late sepsis) typically presents with cool, pale, clammy skin, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and signs of poor perfusion. These findings are not present in this patient, making this option incorrect.
D. Toxic shock syndrome presents with sudden high fever, hypotension, diffuse rash, and multisystem involvement, often associated with tampon use or surgical wounds. The clinical presentation and urinary source of infection do not support this diagnosis.
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