A nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage."

"DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen."

"DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency."

"DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage": This statement is not accurate. While heparin may be used in the treatment of DIC, it is not a lifelong therapy, and the approach to treatment depends on the underlying cause.

B. "DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen": This is the correct answer. DIC is a condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade, leading to the formation of microthrombi throughout the body. Abnormal coagulation involves the consumption of clotting factors, including fibrinogen.

C. "DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency": This statement is not accurate. DIC is not a genetic disorder, and it is not primarily related to vitamin K deficiency. It is an acquired condition often associated with severe infections, sepsis, trauma, or other critical illnesses.

D. "DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count": This statement is not accurate. In DIC, there is often a decrease in platelet count due to consumption and activation of platelets in the widespread formation of microthrombi.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Increasing my intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids can lower my risk." - This statement is incorrect. Trans-fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The client should be advised to reduce or eliminate the consumption of foods containing trans fats.

B. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet can lower my risk." - This statement is correct. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish and certain plant sources, have been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.

C. "A weight loss program can decrease my LDL cholesterol level." - This statement is correct. Weight loss, especially in the context of a healthy diet and regular exercise, can contribute to a decrease in LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels.

D. "Exercising regularly will increase HDL cholesterol levels." - This statement is correct. Regular exercise is associated with an increase in HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which is considered beneficial for heart health.

A. Myringotomy B. Hip arthroplasty C. Cataract extraction D. Laparoscopic appendectomy

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Myringotomy: Myringotomy is a procedure involving the insertion of tubes into the eardrum to treat conditions such as chronic ear infections. This procedure is not associated with a significant risk of deep-vein thrombosis.

B. Hip arthroplasty: Hip arthroplasty, or hip replacement surgery, is associated with an increased risk of deep-vein thrombosis due to factors such as immobility, surgical trauma, and alterations in blood flow. Prophylactic measures, such as anticoagulant medications and early ambulation, are often employed to reduce this risk.

C. Cataract extraction: Cataract extraction is a procedure to remove a cloudy lens from the eye. This surgery is not typically associated with a high risk of deep-vein thrombosis.

D. Laparoscopic appendectomy: Laparoscopic appendectomy, a minimally invasive procedure to remove the appendix, is generally associated with a lower risk of deep-vein thrombosis compared to major orthopedic surgeries like hip arthroplasty.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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