Which of the following symptoms is a common indication of active tuberculosis (TB) infection?
Acute abdominal pain
Sudden onset of high fever and chills
Severe headache and neck stiffness
Persistent cough lasting more than three weeks
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Acute abdominal pain is not a typical manifestation of pulmonary TB; it may occur with extrapulmonary TB affecting the abdomen, but it is not common.
B. Sudden onset of high fever and chills is more characteristic of acute bacterial infections, not the gradual onset of TB.
C. Severe headache and neck stiffness suggest meningitis, which could occur with TB meningitis, but this is less common than pulmonary TB.
D. Persistent cough lasting more than three weeks is a classic symptom of active pulmonary TB, often accompanied by sputum production, hemoptysis, fatigue, and low-grade fever.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Positioning the client in high-Fowler’s improves ventilation but is not the highest priority in reversing bronchospasm.
B. Administering a nebulized beta-adrenergic (e.g., albuterol) is the highest priority because it rapidly relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, relieves airway obstruction, and improves airflow.
C. Providing rest is supportive but does not address the immediate airway compromise.
D. Oxygen therapy may be needed, but it does not relieve bronchospasm; bronchodilator administration takes priority in an acute asthma attack.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Obtaining a sputum culture is essential to identify the causative pathogen and guide appropriate antibiotic or antifungal therapy in a client with recurring pneumonia and immunocompromised status.
B. Positioning the head of the bed at 10 degrees is insufficient; a semi- to high-Fowler’s position (30–90 degrees) is recommended to promote lung expansion and reduce aspiration risk.
C. Coughing and deep breathing every 8 hr is inadequate; these interventions should be performed every 1–2 hr while awake to effectively mobilize secretions.
D. Encouraging only 1500 mL/day of fluids may be insufficient; clients with pneumonia generally require adequate hydration to help thin secretions, unless restricted for another medical reason.
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