Which of the following would be the best intervention for a client having a panic attack?
Remain with the client.
Teach the client a relaxation technique.
Involve the client in a physical activity.
Offer a distraction such as music.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Remaining with the client provides safety, reassurance, and grounding during a panic attack. The nurse’s presence helps reduce feelings of isolation and fear, which are common during acute episodes.
Choice B reason: Teaching relaxation techniques is inappropriate during an active panic attack because the client is too overwhelmed to learn new skills. These should be taught after stabilization.
Choice C reason: Involving the client in physical activity is not feasible during a panic attack, as symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness make activity unsafe.
Choice D reason: Offering a distraction such as music may help in mild anxiety but is insufficient during a full panic attack. The client requires immediate support and reassurance.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hallucinations involve perceiving things that are not present, such as hearing voices or seeing images. Panic attacks do not typically produce hallucinations, and the client’s description of feeling disconnected from himself does not align with sensory misperceptions.
Choice B reason: Denial is a defense mechanism where a person refuses to acknowledge reality or the severity of a situation. The client is not denying the panic attack but rather describing a subjective experience of disconnection, making denial an inaccurate interpretation.
Choice C reason: Derealization refers to feeling that the external environment is unreal or distorted. While related, the client specifically describes feeling disconnected from himself, which is more consistent with depersonalization rather than derealization.
Choice D reason: Depersonalization is the correct term for feeling detached or disconnected from oneself, as though observing oneself from outside the body. This matches the client’s description and is a common symptom during severe panic attacks.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Not all victims of family violence become perpetrators. While some may repeat patterns, many break the cycle through resilience, therapy, or supportive environments. This statement is overly absolute and inaccurate.
Choice B reason: Violence is not directly hereditary. While genetic predispositions may influence temperament, family violence is more strongly linked to learned behaviors and environmental factors.
Choice C reason: Role modeling and social learning explain intergenerational transmission. Children exposed to violence may internalize it as normal behavior, perpetuating the cycle when they become adults. This is the most accurate explanation.
Choice D reason: Evidence shows family violence does have intergenerational transmission. Denying this ignores well-documented psychological and sociological findings.
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